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近年(nian)來，隨(sui)著毒奶粉、蘇丹紅、地溝油、違法添加劑等食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)問題(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)頻(pin)發，食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)安全(quan)問題(ti)越(yue)來越(yue)受到(dao)廣大民(min)眾的(de)(de)(de)(de)關注，其(qi)中食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)保(bao)期內腐敗即是常見的(de)(de)(de)(de)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)問題(ti)。食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)腐敗常見的(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)因就(jiu)是微生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)超標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)，其(qi)根本原(yuan)(yuan)因就(jiu)是食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)原(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)未(wei)很好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)滅(mie)菌與(yu)(yu)除菌。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)作(zuo)為食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)中不(bu)可或缺的(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)好(hao)壞直接影響食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)量。食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)飲(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)料(liao)(liao)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)對水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)：電導率要(yao)求(qiu)：食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)飲(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)料(liao)(liao)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)通(tong)常需要(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)到(dao)預處理凈(jing)(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)或純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)凈(jing)(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),電導率通(tong)常在(zai)10us/cm以下。符合(he)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)：符合(he)GB5749-2006生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)飲(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)；CJ94-1999飲(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)凈(jing)(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)；GB 17324-2003瓶(桶(tong))裝(zhuang)飲(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)凈(jing)(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)。食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)種類(lei)：根據使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)，食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)可分為工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)與(yu)(yu)原(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)與(yu)(yu)飲(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，其(qi)對水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)不(bu)盡相同。相應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)也(ye)可分為1、食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)；2、食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)原(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)；3、飲(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)。國家對眾多(duo)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)及所(suo)有飲(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)料(liao)(liao)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)實施食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)安全(quan)許可證(zheng)制度(du)(QS認證(zheng))，規定(ding)所(suo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)及成(cheng)(cheng)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)均需要(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)凈(jing)(jing)化(hua)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，通(tong)常是使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)凈(jing)(jing)化(hua)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)特點工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)：采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)一(yi)級(ji)(ji)反滲透(tou)(tou)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)方式(shi)，制備(bei)(bei)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)飲(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)料(liao)(liao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，其(qi)流程如下： 原(yuan)(yuan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱→增(zeng)壓(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)→多(duo)介(jie)質(zhi)過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)器(qi)→活(huo)性炭(tan)過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)器(qi)→保(bao)安過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)器(qi)→高壓(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)→一(yi)級(ji)(ji)反滲透(tou)(tou)→純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱。特點：出(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)電導率低，微生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)含量少，符合(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)，設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)投(tou)資(zi)很小，操作(zuo)簡(jian)(jian)便。原(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)： 采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)兩級(ji)(ji)反滲透(tou)(tou)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，制備(bei)(bei)原(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，其(qi)流程如下： 原(yuan)(yuan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱→增(zeng)壓(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)→多(duo)介(jie)質(zhi)過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)器(qi)→活(huo)性炭(tan)過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)器(qi)→保(bao)安過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)器(qi)→高壓(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)→一(yi)級(ji)(ji)反滲透(tou)(tou)→高壓(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)→二級(ji)(ji)反滲透(tou)(tou)→純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱→臭(chou)氧(yang)滅(mie)菌→成(cheng)(cheng)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱→純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)→微孔(kong)過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)器(qi)→使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)點。特點：食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)級(ji)(ji)材質(zhi)，出(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)電導率極(ji)低，微生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)含量很少，符合(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)飲(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)及行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)，設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)投(tou)資(zi)較小，一(yi)體化(hua)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計，操作(zuo)簡(jian)(jian)便。飲(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)：采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)超濾(lv)(lv)/納濾(lv)(lv)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，制備(bei)(bei)飲(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，其(qi)流程如下： 原(yuan)(yuan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱→增(zeng)壓(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)→多(duo)介(jie)質(zhi)過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)器(qi)→活(huo)性炭(tan)過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)器(qi)→增(zeng)壓(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)→超濾(lv)(lv)→中間水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱→臭(chou)氧(yang)滅(mie)菌→成(cheng)(cheng)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱→增(zeng)壓(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)→微孔(kong)過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)器(qi)→灌裝(zhuang)。特點：出(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)含人體所(suo)需礦(kuang)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)，微生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)含量極(ji)少，符合(he)相關標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)，設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)投(tou)資(zi)小。食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)飲(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)料(liao)(liao)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)適用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)范(fan)圍：適用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)各種果汁、茶飲(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)料(liao)(liao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、啤酒釀造工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、乳品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、蔬(shu)菜加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、制奶用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、各類(lei)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)凈(jing)(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)、白酒勾兌啤酒生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)、食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)飲(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)料(liao)(liao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)凈(jing)(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)，桶(tong)裝(zhuang)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)凈(jing)(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、礦(kuang)泉水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),賓館小區寫字(zi)樓直飲(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)。

 超(chao)純(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)一般指(zhi)電阻率(lv)達到18MΩ的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，它是(shi)良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)溶劑，對于(yu)(yu)環境中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)二氧化碳、微生物、塵埃等有良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)溶解力。據經驗(yan)，電阻率(lv)滿足15MΩ的(de)(de)(de)EDI出(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)暴露在(zai)(zai)空(kong)氣中(zhong)1分鐘電阻率(lv)就能下(xia)降到3-4MΩ，3分鐘后電阻率(lv)只能維持在(zai)(zai)2MΩ左(zuo)右，可(ke)見要(yao)保證超(chao)純(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)質量，必須(xu)將(jiang)制備好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)超(chao)純(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)與空(kong)氣隔(ge)(ge)絕開(kai)。       一般而(er)言，隔(ge)(ge)絕空(kong)氣與超(chao)純(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)方法有薄膜袋法、氮封(feng)(feng)法、浮頂法，其中(zhong)有以氮封(feng)(feng)法使用(yong)＊常見，效(xiao)果＊好(hao)。氮封(feng)(feng)裝置就是(shi)氮封(feng)(feng)法的(de)(de)(de)關鍵，它能及時(shi)及時(shi)快(kuai)速的(de)(de)(de)向(xiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)中(zhong)填(tian)充足夠(gou)量氮氣從而(er)隔(ge)(ge)離超(chao)純(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)與空(kong)氣。含有氮封(feng)(feng)裝置的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)稱為(wei)氮封(feng)(feng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)。       氮封(feng)(feng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)一般用(yong)于(yu)(yu)EDI或拋光樹脂罐(guan)后端(duan)，作為(wei)緩沖水(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)，由水(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)、快(kuai)速泄(xie)(xie)放閥(fa)(fa)及微壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)調(diao)(diao)節閥(fa)(fa)幾(ji)大部分組成。快(kuai)速泄(xie)(xie)放閥(fa)(fa)由壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力控制器及單(dan)座切斷閥(fa)(fa)組成。當(dang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)內(nei)(nei)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力升高至設定(ding)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力時(shi)，快(kuai)速泄(xie)(xie)放閥(fa)(fa)迅速開(kai)啟(qi)，將(jiang)罐(guan)內(nei)(nei)多余(yu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力泄(xie)(xie)放。微壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)調(diao)(diao)節閥(fa)(fa)在(zai)(zai)儲罐(guan)內(nei)(nei)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力降低時(shi)，開(kai)啟(qi)閥(fa)(fa)門，向(xiang)罐(guan)內(nei)(nei)充注(zhu)氮氣。       實(shi)際運(yun)行(xing)過程中(zhong)氮封(feng)(feng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)可(ke)能會不起作用(yong)，這需要(yao)我們分析(xi)故障(zhang)原因，一般而(er)言泄(xie)(xie)放閥(fa)(fa)與微壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)調(diao)(diao)節閥(fa)(fa)不動作是(shi)主(zhu)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)原因。

 　　我(wo)們(men)都知道，人(ren)體(ti)70%的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)對于人(ren)體(ti)、人(ren)類而(er)言(yan)是至關(guan)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。在(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源污染情況(kuang)下，人(ren)們(men)通過(guo)相應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)理(li)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)制取符合(he)(he)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飲用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)與(yu)(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、生(sheng)(sheng)活用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)逐(zhu)漸(jian)得(de)到更為(wei)廣泛(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認可。可以(yi)說水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)理(li)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)在(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、民用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)中越(yue)來越(yue)被認可，對于環境(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保護有(you)著(zhu)不可或缺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)純(chun)凈(jing)(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)現狀　　隨著(zhu)環保理(li)念(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)逐(zhu)漸(jian)深入，人(ren)們(men)開(kai)始關(guan)注(zhu)身體(ti)健康與(yu)(yu)飲用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)等(deng)(deng)(deng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相關(guan)關(guan)系，開(kai)始注(zhu)重(zhong)(zhong)飲用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)。消費理(li)念(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不斷升級，促(cu)使飲用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)廠家更加重(zhong)(zhong)視產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)理(li)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)供應(ying)商(shang)則(ze)更加注(zhu)重(zhong)(zhong)提(ti)升水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)理(li)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)體(ti)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計、安(an)裝與(yu)(yu)調試能力(li)，以(yi)盡量(liang)減少(shao)與(yu)(yu)國(guo)際(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)理(li)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)供應(ying)商(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)差距。　　一般而(er)言(yan)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)純(chun)凈(jing)(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)由(you)多種工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)組(zu)合(he)(he)而(er)成(cheng)(cheng)，涉(she)及(ji)(ji)到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎材料(liao)、配(pei)(pei)件(jian)及(ji)(ji)電(dian)機(ji)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)等(deng)(deng)(deng)基礎工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)也很多，它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)體(ti)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平也是國(guo)內(nei)(nei)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一個縮影。　　1、以(yi)反(fan)(fan)滲(shen)(shen)透膜(mo)(mo)、壓(ya)力(li)殼(ke)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)泵(beng)為(wei)代(dai)(dai)表的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)內(nei)(nei)外(wai)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)技術(shu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)目前已(yi)經得(de)到了廣泛(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，市場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)競爭不僅發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)(zai)國(guo)外(wai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)之間，也發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)(zai)國(guo)內(nei)(nei)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)之間。　　2、超(chao)濾、電(dian)滲(shen)(shen)析、精(jing)濾、微濾等(deng)(deng)(deng)為(wei)代(dai)(dai)表的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)國(guo)產(chan)(chan)(chan)配(pei)(pei)套設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)以(yi)其性能、質(zhi)量(liang)及(ji)(ji)價(jia)格等(deng)(deng)(deng)優勢，穩定地(di)占(zhan)據了大(da)部分(fen)國(guo)內(nei)(nei)市場(chang)，這充分(fen)顯示(shi)了我(wo)國(guo)長期(qi)科技投入及(ji)(ji)相關(guan)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不懈努力(li)在(zai)(zai)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)民族工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程中產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)巨大(da)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。　　3、成(cheng)(cheng)套設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)中反(fan)(fan)滲(shen)(shen)透膜(mo)(mo)等(deng)(deng)(deng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)整(zheng)體(ti)質(zhi)量(liang)與(yu)(yu)效率普遍提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)。　　4、國(guo)產(chan)(chan)(chan)成(cheng)(cheng)套設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)中重(zhong)(zhong)視主要(yao)(yao)脫鹽(yan)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)而(er)忽視預處(chu)(chu)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現象較為(wei)普遍，此現象也極大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)降(jiang)低了設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)體(ti)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計及(ji)(ji)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平，從(cong)而(er)影響(xiang)了整(zheng)體(ti)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)投資(zi)效益。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)理(li)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三大(da)方(fang)向　　1、大(da)力(li)扶植內(nei)(nei)資(zi)反(fan)(fan)滲(shen)(shen)透膜(mo)(mo)組(zu)件(jian)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，使我(wo)國(guo)膜(mo)(mo)組(zu)件(jian)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)在(zai)(zai)國(guo)際(ji)市場(chang)中占(zhan)有(you)一席之地(di)。吸引國(guo)際(ji)大(da)型反(fan)(fan)滲(shen)(shen)透膜(mo)(mo)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)(zai)我(wo)國(guo)境(jing)(jing)內(nei)(nei)建工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)純(chun)凈(jing)(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)廠，全(quan)面促(cu)進(jin)(jin)該(gai)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。　　2、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)純(chun)凈(jing)(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)及(ji)(ji)整(zheng)個水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)理(li)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)給與(yu)(yu)其配(pei)(pei)套的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)內(nei)(nei)中小型工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、商(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)提(ti)供了良(liang)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)機(ji)。相關(guan)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)應(ying)及(ji)(ji)時生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)或引進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)配(pei)(pei)套的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平材料(liao)、配(pei)(pei)件(jian)，以(yi)求(qiu)與(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)理(li)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)同步發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。　　3、成(cheng)(cheng)套設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)應(ying)進(jin)(jin)一步提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)、安(an)裝水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平，進(jin)(jin)而(er)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)投資(zi)效益、降(jiang)低能耗、提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)原水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)率。具備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)條件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)應(ying)瞄準國(guo)際(ji)先進(jin)(jin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)國(guo)際(ji)競爭力(li)，以(yi)帶動(dong)全(quan)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。

      以(yi)RO反滲(shen)(shen)透(tou)技(ji)術(shu)為(wei)(wei)核心的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反滲(shen)(shen)透(tou)純(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)備、純(chun)(chun)化水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)備、去離子水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)備在(zai)技(ji)術(shu)方案中一(yi)般(ban)都會(hui)有(you)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)數(shu)(shu)據，但往往標準(zhun)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)、實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)以(yi)及(ji)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)是(shi)有(you)差別的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，那(nei)么是(shi)什么原因(yin)導致(zhi)這一(yi)情況呢？畬順水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處理(li)為(wei)(wei)您揭示。標準(zhun)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)：是(shi)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)生產(chan)(chan)廠(chang)家(jia)在(zai)標準(zhun)測試條件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)下得到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)，類似于(yu)(yu)咱(zan)買車時廠(chang)家(jia)給(gei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)論(lun)油耗值。以(yi)現(xian)大(da)多(duo)數(shu)(shu)品牌膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)生產(chan)(chan)廠(chang)家(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)低(di)壓系(xi)(xi)(xi)列產(chan)(chan)品為(wei)(wei)例(li)，其標準(zhun)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)為(wei)(wei)15%。實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)：這個不(bu)用(yong)過(guo)多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)解釋，指的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)使(shi)用(yong)時的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)。為(wei)(wei)了(le)降(jiang)低(di)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)污染(ran)速度、保證膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)壽命，膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)生產(chan)(chan)廠(chang)家(jia)對單支(zhi)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)作了(le)明確規定，要求每(mei)支(zhi)1米長的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)不(bu)要超過(guo)18% ；但當膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)用(yong)于(yu)(yu)第二(er)級反滲(shen)(shen)透(tou)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處理(li)時，則實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)不(bu)受此(ci)限制(zhi)，允許超過(guo)18%。系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)：是(shi)指反滲(shen)(shen)透(tou)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)使(shi)用(yong)時總的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)，與實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)有(you)點區別。實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)針對的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，而系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)針對的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)整個制(zhi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。反滲(shen)(shen)透(tou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處理(li)設(she)備系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)受給(gei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質、膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)量及(ji)排列方式等(deng)多(duo)種(zhong)因(yin)素的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響。一(yi)般(ban)來說，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質越(yue)好，系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)越(yue)高，膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)越(yue)多(duo)，系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)越(yue)高。串聯(lian)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)＞并聯(lian)。小型純(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)備的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反滲(shen)(shen)透(tou)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)由于(yu)(yu)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)量少、給(gei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流程短，因(yin)而純(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)普遍(bian)偏低(di)；而工(gong)業用(yong)大(da)型純(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)備的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反滲(shen)(shen)透(tou)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)由于(yu)(yu)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)量多(duo)、給(gei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流程長，所以(yi)實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)一(yi)般(ban)均在(zai)75%以(yi)上，有(you)時甚至(zhi)可(ke)以(yi)達到90%。

1 范(fan)圍GB/T 11446 的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本(ben)(ben)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)別、技術(shu)(shu)指(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)要求、試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)規(gui)則(ze)(ze)(ze)。本(ben)(ben)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)適(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)半(ban)(ban)導(dao)體(ti)(ti)工業用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)高純(chun)(chun)清洗用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。2 規(gui)范(fan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)引(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)文(wen)(wen)件(jian)(jian)下(xia)(xia)列(lie)文(wen)(wen)件(jian)(jian)對于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)本(ben)(ben)文(wen)(wen)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)必不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)少的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。凡(fan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)注日(ri)期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)引(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)文(wen)(wen)件(jian)(jian)，僅注日(ri)期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)版本(ben)(ben)適(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)本(ben)(ben)文(wen)(wen)件(jian)(jian)。凡(fan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)注日(ri)期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)引(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)文(wen)(wen)件(jian)(jian)，其(qi)＊新版本(ben)(ben)（包(bao)(bao)括所(suo)有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)改(gai)單）適(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)本(ben)(ben)文(wen)(wen)件(jian)(jian)。GB/T 11446.3-2013 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)測(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)通則(ze)(ze)(ze)GB/T 11446.4-2013 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)率(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)GB/T 11446.5-2013 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)痕量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)吸收分(fen)(fen)光(guang)光(guang)度(du)(du)測(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)GB/T 11446.6-2013 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)二氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)硅的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)光(guang)光(guang)度(du)(du)測(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)GB/T 11446.7-2013 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)痕量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)陰離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)色譜(pu)測(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)GB/T 11446.8-2013 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)總(zong)(zong)有(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)碳(tan)(tan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)GB/T 11446.9-2013 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)微(wei)(wei)(wei)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)儀器測(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)GB/T 11446.10-2013 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)細菌(jun)(jun)(jun)總(zong)(zong)數的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濾(lv)膜(mo)(mo)培(pei)養測(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)3 術(shu)(shu)語(yu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)定(ding)(ding)(ding)義(yi)下(xia)(xia)列(lie)術(shu)(shu)語(yu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)定(ding)(ding)(ding)義(yi)適(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)本(ben)(ben)文(wen)(wen)件(jian)(jian)。3.1 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui) electronic grade water電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)半(ban)(ban)導(dao)體(ti)(ti)工藝過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)所(suo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高純(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。3.2 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)率(lv)(lv) resistivity在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)溫度(du)(du)下(xia)(xia)，1cm3(正立(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)體(ti)(ti))水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)兩(liang)相對面之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)得的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)值。通常用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)符(fu)(fu)號ρ表(biao)(biao)示，單位為(wei)(wei)歐姆厘(li)米（Ω·cm）,純(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)論(lun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)率(lv)(lv)為(wei)(wei)18.3MΩ·cm(25℃)。3.3 全(quan)硅 total silicon水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)可(ke)溶(rong)(rong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)硅和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)以(yi)(yi)二氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)硅膠體(ti)(ti)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)存(cun)(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硅的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總(zong)(zong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。3.4 可(ke)溶(rong)(rong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)硅 soluble silicon以(yi)(yi)單一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)分(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)存(cun)(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)解性(xing)(xing)(xing)硅酸(suan)(suan)鹽。3.5 微(wei)(wei)(wei)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)性(xing)(xing)(xing)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) granular matter除(chu)(chu)(chu)氣體(ti)(ti)外，以(yi)(yi)非液(ye)體(ti)(ti)分(fen)(fen)散在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，并形成(cheng)非均(jun)相混合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。3.6 總(zong)(zong)有(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)碳(tan)(tan) total organic carbon；TOC水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)以(yi)(yi)各(ge)(ge)種有(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)形式存(cun)(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)碳(tan)(tan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總(zong)(zong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。包(bao)(bao)括易被一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般強(qiang)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)需用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)特(te)殊方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。3.7 吸附 absorption某些多孔性(xing)(xing)(xing)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)表(biao)(biao)面活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)而(er)具有(you)吸著某些物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現象。3.8 凝(ning)聚 coagulation在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)源水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)加(jia)入某種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)帶有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)膠體(ti)(ti)微(wei)(wei)(wei)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)被電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)異種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)，從而(er)使(shi)(shi)其(qi)聚集成(cheng)較(jiao)大顆粒(li)(li)(li)(li)而(er)沉(chen)降(jiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現象。3.9 絮(xu)凝(ning) flocculation水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微(wei)(wei)(wei)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)條(tiao)件(jian)(jian)下(xia)(xia)相互碰撞而(er)集結(jie)為(wei)(wei)絮(xu)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)沉(chen)淀的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現象。絮(xu)凝(ning)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般是(shi)(shi)(shi)再(zai)(zai)凝(ning)聚作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)后(hou)(hou)緩慢進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，可(ke)除(chu)(chu)(chu)去(qu)(qu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)更(geng)(geng)細的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微(wei)(wei)(wei)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)。3.10 砂(sha)濾(lv)器 sand filter用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)盛放不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同直徑(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)砂(sha)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)，以(yi)(yi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)去(qu)(qu)源水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)懸浮固(gu)體(ti)(ti)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)渾濁物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)裝置。3.11 活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)碳(tan)(tan)過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)器 activated carbon filter裝有(you)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)碳(tan)(tan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)器，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)去(qu)(qu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)溶(rong)(rong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)有(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)過(guo)(guo)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)殘余氯(lv)(lv)。 3.12 離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)(huan) ion exchange一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)溶(rong)(rong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種液(ye)體(ti)(ti)之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)相互交(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)(huan)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)逆過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，該過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)并無(wu)實(shi)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)結(jie)構變化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。3.13 離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)(huan)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi) ion-exchange resin一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)(huan)材料(liao)。3.14 去(qu)(qu)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui) deionized water經過(guo)(guo)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)(huan)處理(li)，除(chu)(chu)(chu)去(qu)(qu)了呈(cheng)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)形式的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雜質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高純(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)3.15 再(zai)(zai)生 regeneration離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)(huan)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)操作(zuo)循(xun)環中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)該部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)試(shi)劑(ji)通過(guo)(guo)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)(huan)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)其(qi)恢復交(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)(huan)能(neng)力。3.16 復合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)床(chuang) complex bed將陽(yang)(yang)(yang)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)(huan)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)陰離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)(huan)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)分(fen)(fen)別裝入兩(liang)個(ge)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)(huan)柱中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，將兩(liang)柱串聯(lian)，使(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)依次(ci)通過(guo)(guo)兩(liang)個(ge)柱而(er)被純(chun)(chun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。3.17 混合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)床(chuang) mixed bed將陽(yang)(yang)(yang)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)(huan)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)陰離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)(huan)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)混合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)均(jun)勻，填充于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)同一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)(huan)柱中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)純(chun)(chun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)效(xiao)果(guo)(guo)相當于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)許多復合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)床(chuang)串聯(lian)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。3.18 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)滲(shen)(shen)析 electrodialysis一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種分(fen)(fen)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)滲(shen)(shen)析器中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，陰陽(yang)(yang)(yang)兩(liang)極(ji)之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)交(jiao)(jiao)替排(pai)列(lie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)陰、陽(yang)(yang)(yang)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)(huan)膜(mo)(mo)分(fen)(fen)割(ge)成(cheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)系列(lie)小室。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流通過(guo)(guo)小室時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)下(xia)(xia)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)向陰極(ji)方(fang)(fang)(fang)向移動(dong)，但不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)通過(guo)(guo)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)膜(mo)(mo)；陰離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)則(ze)(ze)(ze)相反。這樣就形成(cheng)相間(jian)(jian)存(cun)(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濃、淡水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)室而(er)達(da)到提(ti)(ti)純(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。3.19 逆向滲(shen)(shen)透(tou) reverse osmosis用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)半(ban)(ban)透(tou)膜(mo)(mo)將濃水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)淡水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)隔開，并在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)弄水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)上(shang)施(shi)加(jia)比滲(shen)(shen)透(tou)壓更(geng)(geng)強(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械壓力，則(ze)(ze)(ze)濃水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)透(tou)過(guo)(guo)半(ban)(ban)透(tou)膜(mo)(mo)而(er)雜質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)仍留(liu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，達(da)到分(fen)(fen)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)提(ti)(ti)純(chun)(chun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。3.20 反滲(shen)(shen)透(tou)膜(mo)(mo) reverse osmosis membrane用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)反滲(shen)(shen)透(tou)法(fa)(fa)制(zhi)備(bei)純(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)成(cheng)薄(bo)膜(mo)(mo)，其(qi)孔徑(jing)(jing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般為(wei)(wei)0.02μm或更(geng)(geng)小，可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)去(qu)(qu)無(wu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、有(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、細菌(jun)(jun)(jun)等，使(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)純(chun)(chun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。3.21 微(wei)(wei)(wei)孔膜(mo)(mo)濾(lv)器 membrane filter一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種平均(jun)孔徑(jing)(jing)（直徑(jing)(jing)）大于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)0.01μm的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)薄(bo)膜(mo)(mo)，能(neng)把大于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)平均(jun)孔徑(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微(wei)(wei)(wei)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)截(jie)留(liu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)其(qi)表(biao)(biao)面或附近(jin)。3.22 超過(guo)(guo)濾(lv) ultrafiltration一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)壓力下(xia)(xia)使(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流過(guo)(guo)超濾(lv)膜(mo)(mo)以(yi)(yi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)去(qu)(qu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)極(ji)細微(wei)(wei)(wei)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)、膠體(ti)(ti)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)細菌(jun)(jun)(jun)等。3.23 終端(duan) terminal高純(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)生產流程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)經過(guo)(guo)各(ge)(ge)道凈化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工藝后(hou)(hou)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出(chu)口或使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)地點(dian)。3.24 無(wu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun) sterile不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)含(han)任何(he)活(huo)有(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)(ti)（不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)論(lun)是(shi)(shi)(shi)活(huo)躍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)或休眠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)）。3.25 PH水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)氫離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)活(huo)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)負(fu)對數或氫氧(yang)根離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)活(huo)度(du)(du)倒數的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)負(fu)對數。4 分(fen)(fen)類和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)標(biao)(biao)記4.1 分(fen)(fen)類電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)四個(ge)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)別：Ⅰ級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、Ⅱ級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、Ⅲ級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、Ⅳ級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。4.2 標(biao)(biao)記Ⅰ級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)標(biao)(biao)記為(wei)(wei)：EW-Ⅰ。Ⅱ級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)標(biao)(biao)記為(wei)(wei)：EW-Ⅱ。Ⅲ級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)標(biao)(biao)記為(wei)(wei)：EW-Ⅲ。Ⅳ級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)標(biao)(biao)記為(wei)(wei)：EW-Ⅳ。 5 要求電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)(shu)指(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)符(fu)(fu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)表(biao)(biao)1規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)。表(biao)(biao)1 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)(shu)指(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目技術(shu)(shu)指(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)EW-ⅠEW-ⅡEW-ⅢEW-Ⅳ電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)率(lv)(lv)（25℃）/MΩ·cm≥18（5%時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)低于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)17）≥15（5%時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)低于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)13）≥12≥0.5全(quan)硅/（μg/L）≤2≤10≤50≤1000微(wei)(wei)(wei)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)數/（個(ge)/L）0.05μm~0.1μm500---0.1μm~0.2μm300---0.2μm~0.3μm50---0.3μm~0.5μm20---＞0.5μm4---細菌(jun)(jun)(jun)個(ge)數/（個(ge)/mL）≤0.01≤0.1≤10≤100銅/（μg/L）≤0.2≤1≤2≤500鋅/（μg/L）≤0.2≤1≤5≤500鎳/（μg/L）≤0.1≤1≤2≤500鈉/（μg/L）≤0.5≤2≤5≤1000鉀/（μg/L）≤0.5≤2≤5≤500鐵/（μg/L）≤0.1---鉛/（μg/L）≤0.1---氟(fu)(fu)(fu)/（μg/L）≤1---氯(lv)(lv)/（μg/L）≤1≤1≤10≤1000亞硝酸(suan)(suan)根/（μg/L）≤1---溴(xiu)/（μg/L）≤1---硝酸(suan)(suan)根/（μg/L）≤1≤1≤5≤500磷(lin)酸(suan)(suan)根/（μg/L）≤1≤1≤5≤5006 試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)6.1 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)率(lv)(lv)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)率(lv)(lv)按(an)(an)GB/T 11446.4-013進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)測(ce)(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)。6.2 全(quan)硅含(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)（以(yi)(yi)二氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)硅計(ji)）電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)全(quan)硅（以(yi)(yi)二氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)硅計(ji)）含(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)按(an)(an)GB/T 11446.6-2013進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)測(ce)(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)。6.3 微(wei)(wei)(wei)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)數電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)微(wei)(wei)(wei)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)數按(an)(an)GB/T 11446.9-2013進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)測(ce)(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)。6.4 細菌(jun)(jun)(jun)總(zong)(zong)數電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)細菌(jun)(jun)(jun)總(zong)(zong)數按(an)(an)GB/T 11446.10-2013進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)測(ce)(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)。6.5 痕量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)含(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)痕量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)含(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)按(an)(an)GB/T 11446.5-2013進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)測(ce)(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)。 6.6 氟(fu)(fu)(fu)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、氯(lv)(lv)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、亞硝酸(suan)(suan)根離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、溴(xiu)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、硝酸(suan)(suan)根離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、磷(lin)酸(suan)(suan)根離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、硫(liu)酸(suan)(suan)根離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)含(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)氟(fu)(fu)(fu)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、氯(lv)(lv)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、亞硝酸(suan)(suan)根離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、溴(xiu)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、硝酸(suan)(suan)根離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、磷(lin)酸(suan)(suan)根離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、硫(liu)酸(suan)(suan)根離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)含(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)按(an)(an)GB/T 11446.7-2013進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)測(ce)(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)。6.7 總(zong)(zong)有(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)碳(tan)(tan)含(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)總(zong)(zong)有(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)碳(tan)(tan)含(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)按(an)(an)GB/T 11446.8-2013進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)測(ce)(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)。7 檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)規(gui)則(ze)(ze)(ze)7.1檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)均(jun)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)有(you)資(zi)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。7.2 檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)分(fen)(fen)類電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)分(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)交(jiao)(jiao)收檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)例行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。7.3交(jiao)(jiao)收檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)7.3.1 抽驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)率(lv)(lv)、鈉離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、全(quan)硅（以(yi)(yi)二氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)硅計(ji)）為(wei)(wei)交(jiao)(jiao)收檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目。7.3.2 合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)判據在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)終端(duan)采(cai)樣，檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)后(hou)(hou)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)結(jie)果(guo)(guo)如(ru)有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)或一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)再(zai)(zai)次(ci)采(cai)樣經行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，如(ru)仍不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)該批不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)提(ti)(ti)出(chu)改(gai)進(jin)措(cuo)施(shi)直到水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)。7.4 例行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)（全(quan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目）7.4.1 檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目為(wei)(wei)表(biao)(biao)1規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全(quan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目。檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)順序應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)以(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)影響后(hou)(hou)序實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)結(jie)果(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原則(ze)(ze)(ze)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。7.4.2 不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)判定(ding)(ding)(ding)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)終端(duan)采(cai)樣后(hou)(hou)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)例行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)結(jie)果(guo)(guo)如(ru)有(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)再(zai)(zai)次(ci)采(cai)樣進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，如(ru)仍有(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)提(ti)(ti)出(chu)改(gai)進(jin)措(cuo)施(shi)直到水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)。7.4.3 檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)頻(pin)次(ci)例行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)至少每(mei)年進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)，當制(zhi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)條(tiao)件(jian)(jian)發生變更(geng)(geng)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)例行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。8 采(cai)樣、貯(zhu)(zhu)存(cun)(cun)、運(yun)輸及標(biao)(biao)志8.1采(cai)樣、貯(zhu)(zhu)存(cun)(cun)、運(yun)輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)采(cai)樣、貯(zhu)(zhu)存(cun)(cun)、運(yun)輸應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)符(fu)(fu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)GB/T 11446.3-2013的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)。8.2 標(biao)(biao)志在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)終端(duan)采(cai)樣進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)后(hou)(hou)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)附有(you)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)證，合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)證應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)包(bao)(bao)含(han)如(ru)下(xia)(xia)內容：名稱及級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)別；各(ge)(ge)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)技術(shu)(shu)指(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)；制(zhi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)單位；供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)日(ri)期(qi)；檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)員簽章及檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)日(ri)期(qi)。

＊低(di)要(yao)(yao)求 根據《化妝(zhuang)品(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)企業(ye)衛生(sheng)(sheng)規范(fan)》的(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求，化妝(zhuang)品(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)質至少(shao)應達到生(sheng)(sheng)活飲用水(shui)(shui)(shui)衛生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)標(biao)準(zhun)（GB5749-2006）。這也是工藝用水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)＊低(di)要(yao)(yao)求。 一般標(biao)準(zhun) 多數化妝(zhuang)品(pin)企業(ye)都以純化水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)標(biao)準(zhun)來(lai)設計工藝用水(shui)(shui)(shui)系統。純化水(shui)(shui)(shui)通(tong)常是以生(sheng)(sheng)活飲用水(shui)(shui)(shui)為水(shui)(shui)(shui)源加以提純，在離(li)子等化學指標(biao)上要(yao)(yao)優(you)于(yu)飲用水(shui)(shui)(shui)，微生(sheng)(sheng)物限度標(biao)準(zhun)與飲用水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)指標(biao)一樣，都是<100CFU/ml，更適合(he)于(yu)化妝(zhuang)品(pin)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)工藝和配方(fang)。 行業(ye)趨勢(shi) CFDA于(yu)2015年12月15日發布了《國家食品(pin)藥(yao)品(pin)監督管理(li)總局關于(yu)化妝(zhuang)品(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)許可(ke)有(you)關事項(xiang)的(de)(de)公告》（2015年 第(di)265號），自(zi)2016年起化妝(zhuang)品(pin)行業(ye)執行新的(de)(de)《化妝(zhuang)品(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)許可(ke)證》制度。從(cong)發布的(de)(de)文(wen)件要(yao)(yao)求來(lai)看，化妝(zhuang)品(pin)行業(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)許證獲得條件大有(you)向(xiang)GMP方(fang)向(xiang)靠攏的(de)(de)趨勢(shi)。