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近年來，隨著毒奶粉、蘇(su)丹(dan)紅、地溝油、違(wei)法(fa)添加劑等食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)問(wen)題的(de)(de)頻發(fa)，食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)安(an)(an)(an)全問(wen)題越來越受到廣大(da)民眾的(de)(de)關(guan)注，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)保期內腐(fu)(fu)敗即是(shi)常(chang)見(jian)的(de)(de)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)問(wen)題。食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)腐(fu)(fu)敗常(chang)見(jian)的(de)(de)原因就是(shi)微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)超標(biao)(biao)，其(qi)根本原因就是(shi)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)原料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)未很好(hao)的(de)(de)滅菌(jun)(jun)與除菌(jun)(jun)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)可或(huo)缺的(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)好(hao)壞直接影響食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)。食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)飲(yin)(yin)(yin)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)行(xing)業(ye)對(dui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)要求(qiu)：電(dian)(dian)導率要求(qiu)：食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)飲(yin)(yin)(yin)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)行(xing)業(ye)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)通常(chang)需要用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)到預處理(li)凈(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)或(huo)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)凈(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),電(dian)(dian)導率通常(chang)在10us/cm以下。符(fu)(fu)合標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)：符(fu)(fu)合GB5749-2006生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活飲(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)衛(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)；CJ94-1999飲(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)凈(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)；GB 17324-2003瓶(桶)裝(zhuang)飲(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)凈(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)衛(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)。食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)種類(lei)：根據(ju)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)目的(de)(de)，食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)可分(fen)為(wei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)與原料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)與飲(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，其(qi)對(dui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)要求(qiu)不(bu)盡相(xiang)同。相(xiang)應的(de)(de)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)也可分(fen)為(wei)1、食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)；2、食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)原料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)；3、飲(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)。國(guo)家(jia)對(dui)眾多食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)及(ji)所有飲(yin)(yin)(yin)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)行(xing)業(ye)實施(shi)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)衛(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)安(an)(an)(an)全許可證制(zhi)度(du)(QS認證)，規定所用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)及(ji)成品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)均需要用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)凈(jing)化(hua)后的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，通常(chang)是(shi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)凈(jing)化(hua)后的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)特點(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)：采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)一級(ji)反滲透(tou)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)方式，制(zhi)備(bei)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)飲(yin)(yin)(yin)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，其(qi)流(liu)程如(ru)下： 原水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)→增(zeng)壓(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)→多介質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi)(qi)→活性(xing)(xing)炭過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi)(qi)→保安(an)(an)(an)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi)(qi)→高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)→一級(ji)反滲透(tou)→純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。特點(dian)：出水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)導率低，微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)含量(liang)少(shao)，符(fu)(fu)合工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)，設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)投資(zi)很小(xiao)，操作(zuo)(zuo)簡(jian)便。原料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)： 采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)兩級(ji)反滲透(tou)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，制(zhi)備(bei)原料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，其(qi)流(liu)程如(ru)下： 原水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)→增(zeng)壓(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)→多介質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi)(qi)→活性(xing)(xing)炭過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi)(qi)→保安(an)(an)(an)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi)(qi)→高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)→一級(ji)反滲透(tou)→高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)→二級(ji)反滲透(tou)→純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)→臭氧(yang)(yang)滅菌(jun)(jun)→成品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)→純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)→微(wei)孔(kong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi)(qi)→使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)點(dian)。特點(dian)：食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)級(ji)材質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，出水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)導率極低，微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)含量(liang)很少(shao)，符(fu)(fu)合生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活飲(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)衛(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)及(ji)行(xing)業(ye)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)，設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)投資(zi)較小(xiao)，一體(ti)(ti)化(hua)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計，操作(zuo)(zuo)簡(jian)便。飲(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)：采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)超濾(lv)(lv)(lv)/納(na)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，制(zhi)備(bei)飲(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，其(qi)流(liu)程如(ru)下： 原水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)→增(zeng)壓(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)→多介質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi)(qi)→活性(xing)(xing)炭過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi)(qi)→增(zeng)壓(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)→超濾(lv)(lv)(lv)→中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)→臭氧(yang)(yang)滅菌(jun)(jun)→成品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)→增(zeng)壓(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)→微(wei)孔(kong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi)(qi)→灌(guan)裝(zhuang)。特點(dian)：出水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)含人(ren)體(ti)(ti)所需礦(kuang)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)含量(liang)極少(shao)，符(fu)(fu)合相(xiang)關(guan)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)，設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)投資(zi)小(xiao)。食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)飲(yin)(yin)(yin)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)適用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)范(fan)圍：適用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)各(ge)種果汁、茶飲(yin)(yin)(yin)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、啤酒釀造(zao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、乳(ru)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、蔬(shu)菜加工(gong)(gong)(gong)、制(zhi)奶用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、各(ge)類(lei)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)凈(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)、白酒勾兌啤酒生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)、食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)飲(yin)(yin)(yin)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)凈(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)，桶裝(zhuang)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)凈(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、礦(kuang)泉水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),賓館(guan)小(xiao)區寫(xie)字樓(lou)直飲(yin)(yin)(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)。

 超(chao)純(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)一(yi)般(ban)指(zhi)電(dian)阻(zu)率(lv)達到18MΩ的(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，它(ta)是(shi)良(liang)好(hao)(hao)的(de)溶劑，對于環境(jing)中的(de)二氧化碳、微(wei)生物(wu)、塵(chen)埃等(deng)有良(liang)好(hao)(hao)的(de)溶解力(li)(li)(li)。據經驗，電(dian)阻(zu)率(lv)滿足15MΩ的(de)EDI出(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)暴露在(zai)空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)中1分鐘(zhong)電(dian)阻(zu)率(lv)就能下降(jiang)到3-4MΩ，3分鐘(zhong)后電(dian)阻(zu)率(lv)只(zhi)能維持(chi)在(zai)2MΩ左右，可見要(yao)保證超(chao)純(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)質量，必(bi)須將制(zhi)備好(hao)(hao)的(de)超(chao)純(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)與(yu)(yu)空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)隔(ge)絕開。       一(yi)般(ban)而(er)(er)言，隔(ge)絕空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)與(yu)(yu)超(chao)純(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)方法(fa)有薄膜(mo)袋法(fa)、氮(dan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)法(fa)、浮頂法(fa)，其中有以氮(dan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)法(fa)使(shi)用＊常(chang)見，效果＊好(hao)(hao)。氮(dan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)裝(zhuang)置就是(shi)氮(dan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)法(fa)的(de)關鍵，它(ta)能及(ji)時(shi)(shi)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)快速(su)(su)的(de)向(xiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)中填充足夠量氮(dan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)從而(er)(er)隔(ge)離(li)超(chao)純(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)與(yu)(yu)空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)。含有氮(dan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)裝(zhuang)置的(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)稱(cheng)為氮(dan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)。       氮(dan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)一(yi)般(ban)用于EDI或拋光樹脂罐(guan)后端，作為緩沖水(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)，由水(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)、快速(su)(su)泄放閥(fa)及(ji)微(wei)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)調節閥(fa)幾大部分組(zu)成。快速(su)(su)泄放閥(fa)由壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)控制(zhi)器(qi)及(ji)單座切斷閥(fa)組(zu)成。當水(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)內(nei)(nei)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)升(sheng)高至設定壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)時(shi)(shi)，快速(su)(su)泄放閥(fa)迅速(su)(su)開啟，將罐(guan)內(nei)(nei)多余壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)泄放。微(wei)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)調節閥(fa)在(zai)儲罐(guan)內(nei)(nei)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)降(jiang)低時(shi)(shi)，開啟閥(fa)門，向(xiang)罐(guan)內(nei)(nei)充注氮(dan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)。       實(shi)際運行過(guo)程中氮(dan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)可能會不起作用，這(zhe)需要(yao)我們分析故(gu)障原(yuan)因(yin)，一(yi)般(ban)而(er)(er)言泄放閥(fa)與(yu)(yu)微(wei)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)調節閥(fa)不動(dong)作是(shi)主(zhu)要(yao)的(de)原(yuan)因(yin)。

　　我(wo)們都知道，人(ren)體(ti)(ti)(ti)70%的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)對(dui)(dui)于人(ren)體(ti)(ti)(ti)、人(ren)類而(er)言(yan)是(shi)至關(guan)重要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。在水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)污染(ran)情況下，人(ren)們通過相(xiang)(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)制取符(fu)合要(yao)(yao)求的(de)(de)(de)(de)飲(yin)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)與(yu)(yu)(yu)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、生(sheng)(sheng)活用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)逐漸得(de)到(dao)(dao)更(geng)為廣泛的(de)(de)(de)(de)認可。可以(yi)說水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)在工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、民用中(zhong)(zhong)越來越被認可，對(dui)(dui)于環(huan)境(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)保(bao)護有(you)著不(bu)(bu)可或(huo)缺的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用。工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)純(chun)凈(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)現狀　　隨著環(huan)保(bao)理(li)(li)(li)念的(de)(de)(de)(de)逐漸深入(ru)，人(ren)們開(kai)始關(guan)注身體(ti)(ti)(ti)健康與(yu)(yu)(yu)飲(yin)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)等的(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)關(guan)系，開(kai)始注重飲(yin)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。消費(fei)理(li)(li)(li)念的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)斷升級(ji)，促(cu)使飲(yin)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)產廠家(jia)更(geng)加重視(shi)產品的(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)供(gong)應商(shang)(shang)則更(geng)加注重提(ti)升水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)(zheng)體(ti)(ti)(ti)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)、安(an)(an)裝與(yu)(yu)(yu)調(diao)試(shi)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)，以(yi)盡量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)減少(shao)與(yu)(yu)(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)供(gong)應商(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)差距。　　一般而(er)言(yan)，工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)純(chun)凈(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)產設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)由多(duo)種工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)組合而(er)成，涉及到(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎(chu)材料、配(pei)件及電機(ji)(ji)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)等基(ji)礎(chu)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)產品也(ye)很(hen)多(duo)，它的(de)(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)(zheng)體(ti)(ti)(ti)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)也(ye)是(shi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)內產品水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一個縮影。　　1、以(yi)反(fan)滲(shen)透(tou)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)、壓力(li)(li)殼、高(gao)(gao)壓泵(beng)為代(dai)表的(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)內外高(gao)(gao)技術產品目前(qian)已(yi)經(jing)得(de)到(dao)(dao)了廣泛的(de)(de)(de)(de)應用，市(shi)場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)競爭不(bu)(bu)僅發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)在國(guo)(guo)(guo)外產品之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)，也(ye)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)在國(guo)(guo)(guo)內產品之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)。　　2、超濾(lv)、電滲(shen)析、精濾(lv)、微(wei)濾(lv)等為代(dai)表的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)產配(pei)套設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)以(yi)其性能(neng)(neng)、質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)及價格等優勢(shi)，穩定地占據了大(da)部分(fen)國(guo)(guo)(guo)內市(shi)場(chang)，這充分(fen)顯示了我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)長期科技投入(ru)及相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)懈努力(li)(li)在發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)民族工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)過程中(zhong)(zhong)產生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)巨大(da)作(zuo)用。　　3、成套設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)中(zhong)(zhong)反(fan)滲(shen)透(tou)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)等的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)整(zheng)(zheng)體(ti)(ti)(ti)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)普遍提(ti)高(gao)(gao)。　　4、國(guo)(guo)(guo)產成套設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)中(zhong)(zhong)重視(shi)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)脫鹽設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)而(er)忽(hu)視(shi)預處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)現象較為普遍，此現象也(ye)極大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)降低了設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)(zheng)體(ti)(ti)(ti)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)及運行(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)，從而(er)影響了整(zheng)(zheng)體(ti)(ti)(ti)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)投資(zi)效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)三大(da)方(fang)向　　1、大(da)力(li)(li)扶植內資(zi)反(fan)滲(shen)透(tou)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)組件生(sheng)(sheng)產企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，使我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)組件生(sheng)(sheng)產在國(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)市(shi)場(chang)中(zhong)(zhong)占有(you)一席之(zhi)地。吸(xi)引國(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)大(da)型(xing)反(fan)滲(shen)透(tou)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)生(sheng)(sheng)產企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)在我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)境(jing)內建工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)純(chun)凈(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)廠，全面(mian)促(cu)進(jin)該行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。　　2、工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)純(chun)凈(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)產及整(zheng)(zheng)個水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)給與(yu)(yu)(yu)其配(pei)套的(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)內中(zhong)(zhong)小型(xing)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、商(shang)(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)提(ti)供(gong)了良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)機(ji)(ji)。相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)應及時生(sheng)(sheng)產或(huo)引進(jin)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)配(pei)套的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)材料、配(pei)件，以(yi)求與(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)同步發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。　　3、成套設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)生(sheng)(sheng)產企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)應進(jin)一步提(ti)高(gao)(gao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產、安(an)(an)裝水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)，進(jin)而(er)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)投資(zi)效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)、降低能(neng)(neng)耗、提(ti)高(gao)(gao)原水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利用率(lv)(lv)。具備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)條件的(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)應瞄準國(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)先進(jin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)競爭力(li)(li)，以(yi)帶動全行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。

      以(yi)(yi)RO反(fan)(fan)滲(shen)透(tou)(tou)技術為(wei)(wei)核心的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)(fan)滲(shen)透(tou)(tou)純水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)、純化水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)、去(qu)離子水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)在(zai)技術方案中(zhong)一般(ban)都會有(you)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)數據(ju)，但(dan)往往標(biao)(biao)準回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)、實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)以(yi)(yi)及(ji)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)是(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)差別的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，那么是(shi)(shi)(shi)什(shen)么原(yuan)因導致這一情況呢？畬順水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)理為(wei)(wei)您(nin)揭示。標(biao)(biao)準回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)：是(shi)(shi)(shi)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)生產廠(chang)家(jia)在(zai)標(biao)(biao)準測試(shi)條件(jian)下得到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)，類(lei)似于咱買車(che)時(shi)廠(chang)家(jia)給(gei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理論油耗值(zhi)。以(yi)(yi)現(xian)大多數品牌膜(mo)(mo)(mo)生產廠(chang)家(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)低壓系(xi)(xi)列產品為(wei)(wei)例，其標(biao)(biao)準回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)為(wei)(wei)15%。實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)：這個(ge)不(bu)用(yong)過(guo)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)解釋(shi)，指的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)使(shi)用(yong)時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)。為(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)降低膜(mo)(mo)(mo)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)污(wu)染速度、保(bao)證膜(mo)(mo)(mo)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)壽命，膜(mo)(mo)(mo)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)生產廠(chang)家(jia)對單支膜(mo)(mo)(mo)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)作(zuo)了(le)(le)明確規定，要(yao)求每支1米長的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)不(bu)要(yao)超(chao)過(guo)18% ；但(dan)當膜(mo)(mo)(mo)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)用(yong)于第二級反(fan)(fan)滲(shen)透(tou)(tou)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)理時(shi)，則實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)不(bu)受此(ci)限制(zhi)，允許超(chao)過(guo)18%。系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)：是(shi)(shi)(shi)指反(fan)(fan)滲(shen)透(tou)(tou)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置在(zai)實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)使(shi)用(yong)時(shi)總的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)，與實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)有(you)點區(qu)別。實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)針對的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)，而系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)針對的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)整個(ge)制(zhi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)。反(fan)(fan)滲(shen)透(tou)(tou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)理設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)受給(gei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質、膜(mo)(mo)(mo)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數量及(ji)排(pai)列方式等多種因素的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響。一般(ban)來(lai)說，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質越好，系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)越高(gao)，膜(mo)(mo)(mo)越多，系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)越高(gao)。串聯(lian)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)＞并聯(lian)。小型純水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)(fan)滲(shen)透(tou)(tou)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置由于膜(mo)(mo)(mo)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數量少、給(gei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流程(cheng)短，因而純水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)普遍偏低；而工業用(yong)大型純水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)(fan)滲(shen)透(tou)(tou)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置由于膜(mo)(mo)(mo)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數量多、給(gei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流程(cheng)長，所以(yi)(yi)實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)一般(ban)均(jun)在(zai)75%以(yi)(yi)上，有(you)時(shi)甚至可以(yi)(yi)達到90%。

1 范(fan)(fan)圍GB/T 11446 的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本(ben)(ben)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)規(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)別、技(ji)術(shu)指(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)要求、試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)和(he)(he)(he)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)規(gui)(gui)(gui)則(ze)(ze)。本(ben)(ben)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)和(he)(he)(he)半導(dao)體(ti)工(gong)業用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)高(gao)(gao)純(chun)清(qing)洗用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。2 規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)引(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)文(wen)(wen)件(jian)(jian)下(xia)(xia)列文(wen)(wen)件(jian)(jian)對于(yu)(yu)(yu)本(ben)(ben)文(wen)(wen)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)必不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)少的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。凡是(shi)注(zhu)日期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)引(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)文(wen)(wen)件(jian)(jian)，僅注(zhu)日期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)版本(ben)(ben)適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)本(ben)(ben)文(wen)(wen)件(jian)(jian)。凡是(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)注(zhu)日期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)引(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)文(wen)(wen)件(jian)(jian)，其(qi)(qi)＊新版本(ben)(ben)（包括(kuo)所(suo)有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)修改(gai)單(dan)(dan)）適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)本(ben)(ben)文(wen)(wen)件(jian)(jian)。GB/T 11446.3-2013 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)通則(ze)(ze)GB/T 11446.4-2013 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)率(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)GB/T 11446.5-2013 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)痕(hen)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)金(jin)屬(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)吸(xi)收(shou)分(fen)(fen)(fen)光光度(du)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)GB/T 11446.6-2013 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)二(er)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)硅(gui)(gui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)光光度(du)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)GB/T 11446.7-2013 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)痕(hen)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)陰(yin)(yin)(yin)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)色(se)譜測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)GB/T 11446.8-2013 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)總(zong)有(you)(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)碳(tan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)GB/T 11446.9-2013 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)微粒(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)儀器(qi)(qi)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)GB/T 11446.10-2013 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)總(zong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濾(lv)(lv)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)培(pei)養測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)3 術(shu)語和(he)(he)(he)定(ding)義下(xia)(xia)列術(shu)語和(he)(he)(he)定(ding)義適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)本(ben)(ben)文(wen)(wen)件(jian)(jian)。3.1 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui) electronic grade water電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)和(he)(he)(he)半導(dao)體(ti)工(gong)藝過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)所(suo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)純(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。3.2 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)率(lv) resistivity在(zai)(zai)(zai)規(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)溫度(du)下(xia)(xia)，1cm3(正(zheng)立方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)體(ti))水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)溶(rong)液兩(liang)(liang)相對面之間(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)得的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)值。通常用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)符(fu)號(hao)ρ表示，單(dan)(dan)位(wei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)歐姆厘米（Ω·cm）,純(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理論(lun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)率(lv)為(wei)(wei)(wei)18.3MΩ·cm(25℃)。3.3 全硅(gui)(gui) total silicon水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)可(ke)(ke)溶(rong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)硅(gui)(gui)和(he)(he)(he)以(yi)(yi)二(er)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)硅(gui)(gui)膠體(ti)狀(zhuang)態存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硅(gui)(gui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總(zong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。3.4 可(ke)(ke)溶(rong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)硅(gui)(gui) soluble silicon以(yi)(yi)單(dan)(dan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)狀(zhuang)態存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)于(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)解(jie)性(xing)(xing)(xing)硅(gui)(gui)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)鹽。3.5 微粒(li)(li)(li)(li)性(xing)(xing)(xing)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi) granular matter除(chu)氣體(ti)外，以(yi)(yi)非(fei)液體(ti)分(fen)(fen)(fen)散(san)在(zai)(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，并形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)非(fei)均相混(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)。3.6 總(zong)有(you)(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)碳(tan) total organic carbon；TOC水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)以(yi)(yi)各種(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)形(xing)(xing)式存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)碳(tan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總(zong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。包括(kuo)易被一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)強氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)劑氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)和(he)(he)(he)需(xu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)特殊(shu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)。3.7 吸(xi)附(fu) absorption某些多(duo)孔(kong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)狀(zhuang)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)由于(yu)(yu)(yu)表面活性(xing)(xing)(xing)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)而(er)具有(you)(you)(you)吸(xi)著某些物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)象。3.8 凝聚 coagulation在(zai)(zai)(zai)源水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)加入某種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)質(zhi)后(hou)(hou)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)帶有(you)(you)(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)膠體(ti)微粒(li)(li)(li)(li)被電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)質(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)異種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)(he)(he)，從而(er)使其(qi)(qi)聚集成(cheng)較大(da)顆(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)而(er)沉降的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)象。3.9 絮凝 flocculation水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微粒(li)(li)(li)(li)在(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)條件(jian)(jian)下(xia)(xia)相互碰撞而(er)集結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)為(wei)(wei)(wei)絮狀(zhuang)沉淀的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)象。絮凝一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)是(shi)再凝聚作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)后(hou)(hou)緩慢進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，可(ke)(ke)除(chu)去水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)更(geng)(geng)細(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微粒(li)(li)(li)(li)。3.10 砂濾(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi) sand filter用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)盛放不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同直(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)砂粒(li)(li)(li)(li)，以(yi)(yi)除(chu)去源水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)懸浮固體(ti)和(he)(he)(he)渾濁物(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)裝(zhuang)置。3.11 活性(xing)(xing)(xing)碳(tan)過(guo)(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi) activated carbon filter裝(zhuang)有(you)(you)(you)粒(li)(li)(li)(li)狀(zhuang)活性(xing)(xing)(xing)碳(tan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)除(chu)去水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)溶(rong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)有(you)(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)和(he)(he)(he)過(guo)(guo)(guo)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)殘余氯(lv)。 3.12 離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan) ion exchange一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)溶(rong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)與(yu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)液體(ti)之間(jian)(jian)相互交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)逆過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)，該過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)并無實質(zhi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構變化(hua)(hua)。3.13 離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)樹脂(zhi) ion-exchange resin一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)材料。3.14 去離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui) deionized water經(jing)過(guo)(guo)(guo)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)處理，除(chu)去了(le)呈離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)形(xing)(xing)式的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雜質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)純(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)3.15 再生 regeneration離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)操作循環中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)該部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)化(hua)(hua)學試(shi)(shi)(shi)劑通過(guo)(guo)(guo)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)樹脂(zhi)使其(qi)(qi)恢復(fu)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)能(neng)力。3.16 復(fu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)床(chuang) complex bed將(jiang)陽離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)樹脂(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)陰(yin)(yin)(yin)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)樹脂(zhi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)別裝(zhuang)入兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)柱中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，將(jiang)兩(liang)(liang)柱串聯，使水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)依次(ci)通過(guo)(guo)(guo)兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)柱而(er)被純(chun)化(hua)(hua)。3.17 混(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)床(chuang) mixed bed將(jiang)陽離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)樹脂(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)陰(yin)(yin)(yin)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)樹脂(zhi)混(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)均勻，填充(chong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)同一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)柱中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)純(chun)化(hua)(hua)效果相當于(yu)(yu)(yu)許多(duo)復(fu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)床(chuang)串聯使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。3.18 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)滲(shen)(shen)析(xi) electrodialysis一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)滲(shen)(shen)析(xi)器(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，陰(yin)(yin)(yin)陽兩(liang)(liang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)之間(jian)(jian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)替排(pai)列的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)陰(yin)(yin)(yin)、陽離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)分(fen)(fen)(fen)割成(cheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)系列小室(shi)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流通過(guo)(guo)(guo)小室(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)下(xia)(xia)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)陽離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)向陰(yin)(yin)(yin)極(ji)(ji)(ji)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)向移(yi)動，但不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)通過(guo)(guo)(guo)陽膜(mo)(mo)(mo)；陰(yin)(yin)(yin)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)則(ze)(ze)相反(fan)。這(zhe)樣(yang)(yang)就形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)相間(jian)(jian)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濃、淡水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)室(shi)而(er)達到提純(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。3.19 逆向滲(shen)(shen)透 reverse osmosis用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)半透膜(mo)(mo)(mo)將(jiang)濃水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和(he)(he)(he)淡水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)隔(ge)開，并在(zai)(zai)(zai)弄水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)上(shang)施(shi)加比滲(shen)(shen)透壓(ya)更(geng)(geng)強的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)械壓(ya)力，則(ze)(ze)濃水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大(da)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)透過(guo)(guo)(guo)半透膜(mo)(mo)(mo)而(er)雜質(zhi)仍(reng)留(liu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，達到分(fen)(fen)(fen)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)提純(chun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。3.20 反(fan)滲(shen)(shen)透膜(mo)(mo)(mo) reverse osmosis membrane用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)反(fan)滲(shen)(shen)透法(fa)(fa)制(zhi)(zhi)備純(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)成(cheng)薄(bo)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)，其(qi)(qi)孔(kong)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)為(wei)(wei)(wei)0.02μm或更(geng)(geng)小，可(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)除(chu)去無機(ji)(ji)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、有(you)(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)、細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)等，使水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)純(chun)化(hua)(hua)。3.21 微孔(kong)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)濾(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi) membrane filter一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)平均孔(kong)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)（直(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)）大(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)0.01μm的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)薄(bo)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)，能(neng)把大(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)平均孔(kong)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微粒(li)(li)(li)(li)截留(liu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)其(qi)(qi)表面或附(fu)近。3.22 超過(guo)(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv) ultrafiltration一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)壓(ya)力下(xia)(xia)使水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流過(guo)(guo)(guo)超濾(lv)(lv)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)以(yi)(yi)除(chu)去水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)極(ji)(ji)(ji)細(xi)(xi)微粒(li)(li)(li)(li)、膠體(ti)和(he)(he)(he)細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)等。3.23 終端(duan) terminal高(gao)(gao)純(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)生產流程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)經(jing)過(guo)(guo)(guo)各道凈化(hua)(hua)工(gong)藝后(hou)(hou)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出(chu)口(kou)或使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)地點(dian)。3.24 無菌(jun) sterile不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)含(han)(han)任(ren)何活有(you)(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)體(ti)（不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)論(lun)是(shi)活躍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)或休眠(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)）。3.25 PH水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)溶(rong)液中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)氫離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)活度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)負對數(shu)(shu)(shu)或氫氧(yang)(yang)根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)活度(du)倒數(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)負對數(shu)(shu)(shu)。4 分(fen)(fen)(fen)類(lei)和(he)(he)(he)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)記4.1 分(fen)(fen)(fen)類(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)四(si)個(ge)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)別：Ⅰ級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、Ⅱ級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、Ⅲ級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、Ⅳ級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。4.2 標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)記Ⅰ級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)記為(wei)(wei)(wei)：EW-Ⅰ。Ⅱ級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)記為(wei)(wei)(wei)：EW-Ⅱ。Ⅲ級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)記為(wei)(wei)(wei)：EW-Ⅲ。Ⅳ級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)記為(wei)(wei)(wei)：EW-Ⅳ。 5 要求電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術(shu)指(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)應(ying)符(fu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)表1規(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)。表1 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術(shu)指(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)技(ji)術(shu)指(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)EW-ⅠEW-ⅡEW-ⅢEW-Ⅳ電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)率(lv)（25℃）/MΩ·cm≥18（5%時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)低于(yu)(yu)(yu)17）≥15（5%時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)低于(yu)(yu)(yu)13）≥12≥0.5全硅(gui)(gui)/（μg/L）≤2≤10≤50≤1000微粒(li)(li)(li)(li)數(shu)(shu)(shu)/（個(ge)/L）0.05μm~0.1μm500---0.1μm~0.2μm300---0.2μm~0.3μm50---0.3μm~0.5μm20---＞0.5μm4---細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)個(ge)數(shu)(shu)(shu)/（個(ge)/mL）≤0.01≤0.1≤10≤100銅/（μg/L）≤0.2≤1≤2≤500鋅/（μg/L）≤0.2≤1≤5≤500鎳/（μg/L）≤0.1≤1≤2≤500鈉/（μg/L）≤0.5≤2≤5≤1000鉀/（μg/L）≤0.5≤2≤5≤500鐵/（μg/L）≤0.1---鉛/（μg/L）≤0.1---氟/（μg/L）≤1---氯(lv)/（μg/L）≤1≤1≤10≤1000亞(ya)硝酸(suan)(suan)(suan)根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)/（μg/L）≤1---溴(xiu)/（μg/L）≤1---硝酸(suan)(suan)(suan)根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)/（μg/L）≤1≤1≤5≤500磷(lin)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)/（μg/L）≤1≤1≤5≤5006 試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)6.1 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)率(lv)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)率(lv)按(an)GB/T 11446.4-013進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)定(ding)。6.2 全硅(gui)(gui)含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)（以(yi)(yi)二(er)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)硅(gui)(gui)計）電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)全硅(gui)(gui)（以(yi)(yi)二(er)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)硅(gui)(gui)計）含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)按(an)GB/T 11446.6-2013進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)定(ding)。6.3 微粒(li)(li)(li)(li)數(shu)(shu)(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)微粒(li)(li)(li)(li)數(shu)(shu)(shu)按(an)GB/T 11446.9-2013進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)定(ding)。6.4 細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)總(zong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)細(xi)(xi)菌(jun)總(zong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)按(an)GB/T 11446.10-2013進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)定(ding)。6.5 痕(hen)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)金(jin)屬(shu)含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)痕(hen)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)金(jin)屬(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)按(an)GB/T 11446.5-2013進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)定(ding)。 6.6 氟離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、氯(lv)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、亞(ya)硝酸(suan)(suan)(suan)根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、溴(xiu)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、硝酸(suan)(suan)(suan)根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、磷(lin)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、硫酸(suan)(suan)(suan)根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)氟離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、氯(lv)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、亞(ya)硝酸(suan)(suan)(suan)根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、溴(xiu)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、硝酸(suan)(suan)(suan)根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、磷(lin)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、硫酸(suan)(suan)(suan)根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)按(an)GB/T 11446.7-2013進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)定(ding)。6.7 總(zong)有(you)(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)碳(tan)含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)總(zong)有(you)(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)碳(tan)含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)按(an)GB/T 11446.8-2013進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)定(ding)。7 檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)規(gui)(gui)(gui)則(ze)(ze)7.1檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)部(bu)(bu)門電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)均應(ying)在(zai)(zai)(zai)有(you)(you)(you)資質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)部(bu)(bu)門進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。7.2 檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)分(fen)(fen)(fen)類(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)收(shou)檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)和(he)(he)(he)例(li)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。7.3交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)收(shou)檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)7.3.1 抽驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)率(lv)、鈉離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、全硅(gui)(gui)（以(yi)(yi)二(er)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)硅(gui)(gui)計）為(wei)(wei)(wei)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)收(shou)檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。7.3.2 合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)(ge)判據在(zai)(zai)(zai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)終端(duan)采樣(yang)(yang)，檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)后(hou)(hou)檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果如(ru)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)項(xiang)或一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)項(xiang)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)(ge)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，應(ying)再次(ci)采樣(yang)(yang)經(jing)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，如(ru)仍(reng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)(ge)，則(ze)(ze)該批不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)(ge)，應(ying)提出(chu)改(gai)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)措施(shi)直(zhi)到水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)(ge)。7.4 例(li)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)（全檢(jian)(jian)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)）7.4.1 檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)表1規(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全部(bu)(bu)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)順(shun)序應(ying)以(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)影響后(hou)(hou)序實驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原則(ze)(ze)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。7.4.2 不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)(ge)判定(ding)在(zai)(zai)(zai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)終端(duan)采樣(yang)(yang)后(hou)(hou)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)例(li)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果如(ru)有(you)(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)(ge)項(xiang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，應(ying)再次(ci)采樣(yang)(yang)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，如(ru)仍(reng)有(you)(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)(ge)項(xiang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，應(ying)提出(chu)改(gai)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)措施(shi)直(zhi)到水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)(ge)。7.4.3 檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)頻次(ci)例(li)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)至少每年進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)，當制(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)條件(jian)(jian)發生變更(geng)(geng)時(shi)(shi)(shi)也應(ying)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)例(li)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。8 采樣(yang)(yang)、貯(zhu)存(cun)、運輸及標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)8.1采樣(yang)(yang)、貯(zhu)存(cun)、運輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)采樣(yang)(yang)、貯(zhu)存(cun)、運輸應(ying)符(fu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)GB/T 11446.3-2013的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)。8.2 標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)終端(duan)采樣(yang)(yang)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)(ge)后(hou)(hou)應(ying)附(fu)有(you)(you)(you)檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)(ge)證，合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)(ge)證應(ying)包含(han)(han)如(ru)下(xia)(xia)內容(rong)：名稱及級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)別；各項(xiang)技(ji)術(shu)指(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)；制(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)；供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)日期(qi)；檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)員簽章(zhang)及檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)日期(qi)。

＊低要求 根據(ju)《化(hua)妝(zhuang)品(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)企業(ye)衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)規范》的(de)(de)要求，化(hua)妝(zhuang)品(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質至少應達到生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)飲用(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)標(biao)準（GB5749-2006）。這也(ye)是工藝(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)＊低要求。 一般標(biao)準 多數化(hua)妝(zhuang)品(pin)(pin)企業(ye)都以純(chun)化(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)標(biao)準來設計工藝(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系統(tong)。純(chun)化(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)通(tong)常(chang)是以生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)飲用(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)為(wei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源加以提純(chun)，在離子等化(hua)學指(zhi)標(biao)上要優于飲用(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，微生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物限(xian)度(du)標(biao)準與飲用(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)指(zhi)標(biao)一樣，都是<100CFU/ml，更適合于化(hua)妝(zhuang)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)工藝(yi)和配方。 行(xing)業(ye)趨(qu)勢 CFDA于2015年(nian)12月15日發布了《國家食品(pin)(pin)藥品(pin)(pin)監(jian)督(du)管理總局關于化(hua)妝(zhuang)品(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)許可(ke)有關事項的(de)(de)公告》（2015年(nian) 第265號），自2016年(nian)起化(hua)妝(zhuang)品(pin)(pin)行(xing)業(ye)執行(xing)新的(de)(de)《化(hua)妝(zhuang)品(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)許可(ke)證(zheng)》制度(du)。從發布的(de)(de)文件(jian)要求來看，化(hua)妝(zhuang)品(pin)(pin)行(xing)業(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)許證(zheng)獲得(de)條件(jian)大(da)有向GMP方向靠攏(long)的(de)(de)趨(qu)勢。