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近年來(lai)，隨(sui)著毒奶(nai)粉(fen)、蘇丹(dan)紅、地溝油(you)、違法(fa)添(tian)加劑等食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)問題的(de)頻發，食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)安(an)全問題越來(lai)越受到廣大(da)民眾的(de)關(guan)(guan)注，其(qi)(qi)中食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)保期內腐(fu)敗即是(shi)常(chang)見(jian)的(de)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)問題。食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)腐(fu)敗常(chang)見(jian)的(de)原(yuan)因就是(shi)微(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)超標(biao)(biao)，其(qi)(qi)根(gen)本原(yuan)因就是(shi)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)原(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)未很(hen)(hen)好(hao)的(de)滅菌(jun)(jun)與(yu)除菌(jun)(jun)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)作(zuo)為食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)中不可(ke)或缺(que)的(de)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)的(de)好(hao)壞直接影(ying)響食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)量。食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)飲(yin)(yin)(yin)料(liao)(liao)(liao)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)對(dui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)的(de)要(yao)求：電(dian)導(dao)率(lv)要(yao)求：食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)飲(yin)(yin)(yin)料(liao)(liao)(liao)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)通(tong)(tong)常(chang)需(xu)要(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)到預處理凈(jing)(jing)(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)或純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),電(dian)導(dao)率(lv)通(tong)(tong)常(chang)在10us/cm以下(xia)(xia)。符合(he)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)：符合(he)GB5749-2006生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)飲(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)；CJ94-1999飲(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)；GB 17324-2003瓶(桶)裝(zhuang)飲(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)。食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)的(de)種類：根(gen)據使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)目(mu)的(de)，食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)可(ke)分(fen)為工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)與(yu)原(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)與(yu)飲(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，其(qi)(qi)對(dui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)的(de)要(yao)求不盡相同。相應的(de)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)也可(ke)分(fen)為1、食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)；2、食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)原(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)；3、飲(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)。國(guo)家對(dui)眾多(duo)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)及(ji)(ji)(ji)所(suo)有飲(yin)(yin)(yin)料(liao)(liao)(liao)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)實施(shi)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)安(an)全許可(ke)證制度(QS認證)，規定所(suo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)及(ji)(ji)(ji)成品(pin)(pin)(pin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)均需(xu)要(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)化后(hou)的(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，通(tong)(tong)常(chang)是(shi)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)化后(hou)的(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)的(de)特點(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)：采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)一(yi)(yi)級(ji)反(fan)(fan)滲(shen)(shen)透(tou)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)式，制備(bei)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)飲(yin)(yin)(yin)料(liao)(liao)(liao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，其(qi)(qi)流程如下(xia)(xia)： 原(yuan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)→增壓泵→多(duo)介(jie)質(zhi)過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi)→活(huo)性(xing)(xing)炭(tan)過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi)→保安(an)過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi)→高(gao)壓泵→一(yi)(yi)級(ji)反(fan)(fan)滲(shen)(shen)透(tou)→純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)。特點(dian)：出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)電(dian)導(dao)率(lv)低(di)，微(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)含(han)量少，符合(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)投資很(hen)(hen)小(xiao)(xiao)，操作(zuo)簡便。原(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)： 采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)兩級(ji)反(fan)(fan)滲(shen)(shen)透(tou)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，制備(bei)原(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，其(qi)(qi)流程如下(xia)(xia)： 原(yuan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)→增壓泵→多(duo)介(jie)質(zhi)過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi)→活(huo)性(xing)(xing)炭(tan)過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi)→保安(an)過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi)→高(gao)壓泵→一(yi)(yi)級(ji)反(fan)(fan)滲(shen)(shen)透(tou)→高(gao)壓泵→二(er)級(ji)反(fan)(fan)滲(shen)(shen)透(tou)→純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)→臭氧滅菌(jun)(jun)→成品(pin)(pin)(pin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)→純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵→微(wei)(wei)孔(kong)過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi)→使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)點(dian)。特點(dian)：食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)級(ji)材質(zhi)，出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)電(dian)導(dao)率(lv)極低(di)，微(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)含(han)量很(hen)(hen)少，符合(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)飲(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)及(ji)(ji)(ji)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)投資較小(xiao)(xiao)，一(yi)(yi)體化設(she)(she)(she)計，操作(zuo)簡便。飲(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)：采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)超濾(lv)(lv)(lv)/納濾(lv)(lv)(lv)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，制備(bei)飲(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，其(qi)(qi)流程如下(xia)(xia)： 原(yuan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)→增壓泵→多(duo)介(jie)質(zhi)過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi)→活(huo)性(xing)(xing)炭(tan)過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi)→增壓泵→超濾(lv)(lv)(lv)→中間水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)→臭氧滅菌(jun)(jun)→成品(pin)(pin)(pin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)→增壓泵→微(wei)(wei)孔(kong)過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi)→灌(guan)裝(zhuang)。特點(dian)：出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)含(han)人體所(suo)需(xu)礦物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)，微(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)含(han)量極少，符合(he)相關(guan)(guan)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)投資小(xiao)(xiao)。食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)飲(yin)(yin)(yin)料(liao)(liao)(liao)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)范圍：適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)各(ge)(ge)種果汁、茶飲(yin)(yin)(yin)料(liao)(liao)(liao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、啤(pi)酒釀造工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、乳品(pin)(pin)(pin)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、蔬菜加工(gong)(gong)(gong)、制奶(nai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、各(ge)(ge)類食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)、白(bai)酒勾兌啤(pi)酒生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)、食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)飲(yin)(yin)(yin)料(liao)(liao)(liao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)，桶裝(zhuang)純(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、礦泉(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),賓館小(xiao)(xiao)區寫字(zi)樓直飲(yin)(yin)(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)。

 超(chao)純水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)一(yi)(yi)般(ban)指電(dian)阻率達(da)到18MΩ的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，它(ta)是良好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶劑(ji)，對于(yu)環境中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)二(er)氧化碳(tan)、微(wei)生物、塵埃等有良好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶解力(li)(li)。據(ju)經驗，電(dian)阻率滿足(zu)15MΩ的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)EDI出水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)暴露在空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)中1分(fen)(fen)鐘電(dian)阻率就能(neng)下降到3-4MΩ，3分(fen)(fen)鐘后(hou)電(dian)阻率只能(neng)維(wei)持在2MΩ左右，可見(jian)(jian)要保證超(chao)純水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質量(liang)，必須將(jiang)制(zhi)備好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)超(chao)純水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)與(yu)(yu)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)隔絕開。       一(yi)(yi)般(ban)而(er)(er)言，隔絕空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)與(yu)(yu)超(chao)純水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法有薄膜袋法、氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)法、浮頂法，其(qi)中有以氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)法使用(yong)＊常見(jian)(jian)，效果＊好(hao)(hao)。氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)裝置就是氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)法的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵，它(ta)能(neng)及(ji)時(shi)及(ji)時(shi)快(kuai)速(su)(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)向水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)中填充足(zu)夠量(liang)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)氣(qi)(qi)從而(er)(er)隔離超(chao)純水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)與(yu)(yu)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)。含(han)有氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)裝置的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)稱為氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。       氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)一(yi)(yi)般(ban)用(yong)于(yu)EDI或拋光樹脂罐后(hou)端，作(zuo)為緩沖(chong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，由(you)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、快(kuai)速(su)(su)泄(xie)放(fang)(fang)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)及(ji)微(wei)壓(ya)調(diao)節閥(fa)(fa)(fa)幾(ji)大部(bu)分(fen)(fen)組成。快(kuai)速(su)(su)泄(xie)放(fang)(fang)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)由(you)壓(ya)力(li)(li)控(kong)制(zhi)器及(ji)單座切斷(duan)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)組成。當水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)內壓(ya)力(li)(li)升(sheng)高至設定壓(ya)力(li)(li)時(shi)，快(kuai)速(su)(su)泄(xie)放(fang)(fang)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)迅速(su)(su)開啟，將(jiang)罐內多余壓(ya)力(li)(li)泄(xie)放(fang)(fang)。微(wei)壓(ya)調(diao)節閥(fa)(fa)(fa)在儲罐內壓(ya)力(li)(li)降低時(shi)，開啟閥(fa)(fa)(fa)門，向罐內充注(zhu)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)氣(qi)(qi)。       實際運(yun)行過程中氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)可能(neng)會(hui)不(bu)起作(zuo)用(yong)，這需要我們分(fen)(fen)析故障原因(yin)，一(yi)(yi)般(ban)而(er)(er)言泄(xie)放(fang)(fang)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)與(yu)(yu)微(wei)壓(ya)調(diao)節閥(fa)(fa)(fa)不(bu)動作(zuo)是主要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原因(yin)。

　　我(wo)們(men)(men)都知道，人(ren)體(ti)(ti)70%的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)對于人(ren)體(ti)(ti)、人(ren)類(lei)而(er)言是至關重(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。在(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源污染情況下，人(ren)們(men)(men)通過相(xiang)(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)理設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)制取符合(he)要求的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飲用(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)與(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活用(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)逐漸(jian)得到(dao)(dao)更為廣泛(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認(ren)可。可以(yi)(yi)說水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)理設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)在(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、民(min)用(yong)(yong)(yong)中(zhong)越來(lai)越被認(ren)可，對于環境的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保護(hu)有著(zhu)不(bu)可或缺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)純(chun)凈水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展現(xian)狀　　隨著(zhu)環保理念的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)逐漸(jian)深入，人(ren)們(men)(men)開始(shi)關注(zhu)身體(ti)(ti)健康與(yu)飲用(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質等(deng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)(xiang)關關系，開始(shi)注(zhu)重(zhong)飲用(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質量(liang)(liang)(liang)。消費理念的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)斷升(sheng)級，促使(shi)飲用(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)廠家(jia)更加(jia)重(zhong)視產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質量(liang)(liang)(liang)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)理設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)供(gong)(gong)應商(shang)(shang)則更加(jia)注(zhu)重(zhong)提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)理設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)(zheng)體(ti)(ti)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)、安裝(zhuang)與(yu)調試能力，以(yi)(yi)盡量(liang)(liang)(liang)減少(shao)與(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)理設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)供(gong)(gong)應商(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)差距。　　一(yi)般而(er)言，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)純(chun)凈水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)由多種工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)組合(he)而(er)成(cheng)，涉及(ji)到(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎材料(liao)、配件及(ji)電機(ji)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)等(deng)基礎工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品也(ye)(ye)很(hen)多，它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)(zheng)體(ti)(ti)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)也(ye)(ye)是國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)個縮影。　　1、以(yi)(yi)反(fan)滲(shen)(shen)透膜(mo)(mo)、壓力殼、高(gao)壓泵(beng)為代表(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)外高(gao)技術產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品目前已經得到(dao)(dao)了(le)廣泛(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)，市場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)競爭不(bu)僅發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品之(zhi)間(jian)，也(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品之(zhi)間(jian)。　　2、超濾(lv)、電滲(shen)(shen)析、精濾(lv)、微濾(lv)等(deng)為代表(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)配套(tao)(tao)(tao)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)以(yi)(yi)其(qi)性能、質量(liang)(liang)(liang)及(ji)價格等(deng)優勢，穩定地(di)占據(ju)了(le)大(da)(da)部分(fen)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)市場(chang)，這充分(fen)顯(xian)示了(le)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)長期(qi)科技投(tou)入及(ji)相(xiang)(xiang)關企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)懈(xie)努力在(zai)(zai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展民(min)族工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程(cheng)中(zhong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)巨大(da)(da)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)。　　3、成(cheng)套(tao)(tao)(tao)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)中(zhong)反(fan)滲(shen)(shen)透膜(mo)(mo)等(deng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)整(zheng)(zheng)體(ti)(ti)質量(liang)(liang)(liang)與(yu)效率(lv)(lv)普(pu)遍提(ti)(ti)高(gao)。　　4、國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)成(cheng)套(tao)(tao)(tao)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)中(zhong)重(zhong)視主要脫(tuo)鹽(yan)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)而(er)忽視預處(chu)(chu)理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)象(xiang)(xiang)較(jiao)為普(pu)遍，此現(xian)象(xiang)(xiang)也(ye)(ye)極(ji)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)降低了(le)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)(zheng)體(ti)(ti)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)及(ji)運(yun)行(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)，從(cong)而(er)影響(xiang)了(le)整(zheng)(zheng)體(ti)(ti)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)投(tou)資(zi)效益(yi)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)理設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三大(da)(da)方(fang)向(xiang)　　1、大(da)(da)力扶植(zhi)內(nei)資(zi)反(fan)滲(shen)(shen)透膜(mo)(mo)組件生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，使(shi)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)膜(mo)(mo)組件生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)在(zai)(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際市場(chang)中(zhong)占有一(yi)席之(zhi)地(di)。吸引國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際大(da)(da)型(xing)反(fan)滲(shen)(shen)透膜(mo)(mo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)(zai)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)境內(nei)建工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)純(chun)凈水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)廠，全面(mian)促進(jin)該行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展。　　2、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)純(chun)凈水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)及(ji)整(zheng)(zheng)個水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)理行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展給與(yu)其(qi)配套(tao)(tao)(tao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)中(zhong)小型(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、商(shang)(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)提(ti)(ti)供(gong)(gong)了(le)良(liang)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)機(ji)。相(xiang)(xiang)關企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)應及(ji)時生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)或引進(jin)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)配套(tao)(tao)(tao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)材料(liao)、配件，以(yi)(yi)求與(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)理行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)同步(bu)(bu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展。　　3、成(cheng)套(tao)(tao)(tao)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)應進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)(bu)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)、安裝(zhuang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)，進(jin)而(er)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)投(tou)資(zi)效益(yi)、降低能耗、提(ti)(ti)高(gao)原(yuan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)率(lv)(lv)。具備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)條件的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)應瞄準(zhun)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際先進(jin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際競爭力，以(yi)(yi)帶動全行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展。

      以RO反(fan)(fan)(fan)滲(shen)透(tou)(tou)(tou)技術為核(he)心的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)(fan)(fan)滲(shen)透(tou)(tou)(tou)純(chun)水(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)、純(chun)化水(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)、去離子水(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)在(zai)技術方案(an)中一般(ban)都會有(you)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)數(shu)據，但往往標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)、實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)以及(ji)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)是有(you)差別的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，那么是什么原因(yin)導致這一情況呢？畬(yu)順水(shui)(shui)處(chu)理為您揭(jie)示。標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)：是膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)生產廠家在(zai)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)測試條件(jian)(jian)下得到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)，類(lei)似于(yu)咱(zan)買車時廠家給的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理論油耗(hao)值(zhi)。以現大多(duo)(duo)數(shu)品(pin)牌膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)生產廠家的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)低壓系(xi)列產品(pin)為例，其(qi)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)為15%。實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)：這個(ge)不(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)過多(duo)(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)解(jie)釋，指的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)(jian)實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)時的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)。為了降(jiang)低膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)污染速度、保證(zheng)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)壽命，膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)(jian)生產廠家對單(dan)支膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)作了明(ming)確規定，要求每支1米(mi)長的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)(jian)實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)不(bu)要超過18% ；但當膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)(jian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)第二級(ji)反(fan)(fan)(fan)滲(shen)透(tou)(tou)(tou)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)水(shui)(shui)處(chu)理時，則實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)不(bu)受此限制(zhi)，允許超過18%。系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)：是指反(fan)(fan)(fan)滲(shen)透(tou)(tou)(tou)裝(zhuang)置在(zai)實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)時總的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)，與實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)有(you)點區別。實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)針(zhen)對的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)(jian)，而系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)針(zhen)對的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是整(zheng)個(ge)制(zhi)水(shui)(shui)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)。反(fan)(fan)(fan)滲(shen)透(tou)(tou)(tou)水(shui)(shui)處(chu)理設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)受給水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)、膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)量及(ji)排列方式等多(duo)(duo)種(zhong)因(yin)素的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響。一般(ban)來說，水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)越(yue)(yue)好，系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)越(yue)(yue)高(gao)，膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)越(yue)(yue)多(duo)(duo)，系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)越(yue)(yue)高(gao)。串聯回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)＞并聯。小(xiao)型純(chun)水(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)(fan)(fan)滲(shen)透(tou)(tou)(tou)裝(zhuang)置由于(yu)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)量少(shao)、給水(shui)(shui)流程(cheng)短，因(yin)而純(chun)水(shui)(shui)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)普遍偏低；而工業用(yong)(yong)(yong)大型純(chun)水(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)(fan)(fan)滲(shen)透(tou)(tou)(tou)裝(zhuang)置由于(yu)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)量多(duo)(duo)、給水(shui)(shui)流程(cheng)長，所以實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)回(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)一般(ban)均在(zai)75%以上(shang)，有(you)時甚至可以達到(dao)90%。

1 范圍(wei)GB/T 11446 的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本(ben)(ben)(ben)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)別(bie)、技術(shu)指標要求(qiu)(qiu)、試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)和檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)規(gui)(gui)則。本(ben)(ben)(ben)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)適用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)和半(ban)導體工業用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)高(gao)純(chun)(chun)清洗用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。2 規(gui)(gui)范性(xing)引用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)件(jian)(jian)下(xia)列(lie)文(wen)(wen)(wen)件(jian)(jian)對(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)本(ben)(ben)(ben)文(wen)(wen)(wen)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)是必不(bu)(bu)可(ke)少(shao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。凡是注(zhu)日期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)引用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)件(jian)(jian)，僅(jin)注(zhu)日期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)版本(ben)(ben)(ben)適用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)本(ben)(ben)(ben)文(wen)(wen)(wen)件(jian)(jian)。凡是不(bu)(bu)注(zhu)日期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)引用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)件(jian)(jian)，其(qi)＊新版本(ben)(ben)(ben)（包(bao)(bao)括所(suo)有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)改(gai)(gai)單(dan)(dan)）適用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)本(ben)(ben)(ben)文(wen)(wen)(wen)件(jian)(jian)。GB/T 11446.3-2013 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)通(tong)(tong)則GB/T 11446.4-2013 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)率(lv)(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)GB/T 11446.5-2013 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)痕量(liang)(liang)(liang)金(jin)屬(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)吸(xi)收分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)光(guang)光(guang)度測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)GB/T 11446.6-2013 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)二(er)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)硅的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)光(guang)光(guang)度測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)GB/T 11446.7-2013 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)痕量(liang)(liang)(liang)陰(yin)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)色譜測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)GB/T 11446.8-2013 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)總(zong)(zong)(zong)有(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)碳(tan)(tan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)GB/T 11446.9-2013 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)微(wei)(wei)(wei)粒(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)儀器(qi)(qi)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)GB/T 11446.10-2013 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)細菌總(zong)(zong)(zong)數(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)膜(mo)培養測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)3 術(shu)語和定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)義(yi)(yi)下(xia)列(lie)術(shu)語和定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)義(yi)(yi)適用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)本(ben)(ben)(ben)文(wen)(wen)(wen)件(jian)(jian)。3.1 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui) electronic grade water電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)和半(ban)導體工藝過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)所(suo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)純(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。3.2 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)率(lv)(lv)(lv) resistivity在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)溫度下(xia)，1cm3(正立方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)體)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)兩(liang)(liang)相(xiang)對(dui)面(mian)之間(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)得的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)值。通(tong)(tong)常用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)符號ρ表(biao)示，單(dan)(dan)位為(wei)(wei)(wei)歐姆厘米（Ω·cm）,純(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理論(lun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)率(lv)(lv)(lv)為(wei)(wei)(wei)18.3MΩ·cm(25℃)。3.3 全(quan)(quan)硅 total silicon水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)可(ke)溶(rong)(rong)性(xing)硅和以(yi)(yi)二(er)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)硅膠體狀(zhuang)態存(cun)(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硅的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總(zong)(zong)(zong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)。3.4 可(ke)溶(rong)(rong)性(xing)硅 soluble silicon以(yi)(yi)單(dan)(dan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)狀(zhuang)態存(cun)(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)解(jie)性(xing)硅酸(suan)(suan)鹽。3.5 微(wei)(wei)(wei)粒(li)(li)(li)性(xing)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) granular matter除氣體外，以(yi)(yi)非液(ye)(ye)(ye)體分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)散在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，并形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)非均相(xiang)混(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。3.6 總(zong)(zong)(zong)有(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)碳(tan)(tan) total organic carbon；TOC水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)以(yi)(yi)各(ge)(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)物(wu)形(xing)式(shi)存(cun)(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)碳(tan)(tan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總(zong)(zong)(zong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)。包(bao)(bao)括易被一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)強氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)物(wu)和需用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)特殊方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)物(wu)。3.7 吸(xi)附(fu) absorption某(mou)些多(duo)孔(kong)性(xing)粒(li)(li)(li)狀(zhuang)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)由于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)表(biao)面(mian)活(huo)性(xing)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)而具有(you)(you)吸(xi)著(zhu)某(mou)些物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現象(xiang)。3.8 凝聚(ju) coagulation在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)源(yuan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)加(jia)入(ru)某(mou)種(zhong)(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)帶有(you)(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)膠體微(wei)(wei)(wei)粒(li)(li)(li)被電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)異種(zhong)(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和，從而使(shi)其(qi)聚(ju)集成(cheng)(cheng)較大(da)(da)顆粒(li)(li)(li)而沉降的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現象(xiang)。3.9 絮(xu)凝 flocculation水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微(wei)(wei)(wei)粒(li)(li)(li)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)條(tiao)件(jian)(jian)下(xia)相(xiang)互碰撞(zhuang)而集結(jie)為(wei)(wei)(wei)絮(xu)狀(zhuang)沉淀的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現象(xiang)。絮(xu)凝一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)是再(zai)凝聚(ju)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)后緩慢進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)，可(ke)除去水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)更(geng)細的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微(wei)(wei)(wei)粒(li)(li)(li)。3.10 砂濾(lv)(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi) sand filter用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)盛放(fang)不(bu)(bu)同直徑(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)砂粒(li)(li)(li)，以(yi)(yi)除去源(yuan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)懸浮固(gu)體和渾濁物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)裝(zhuang)置。3.11 活(huo)性(xing)碳(tan)(tan)過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi) activated carbon filter裝(zhuang)有(you)(you)粒(li)(li)(li)狀(zhuang)活(huo)性(xing)碳(tan)(tan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)除去水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)溶(rong)(rong)性(xing)有(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)物(wu)和過(guo)(guo)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)殘余(yu)氯(lv)。 3.12 離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan) ion exchange一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)(bu)溶(rong)(rong)性(xing)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)體之間(jian)相(xiang)互交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)逆(ni)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)，該過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)并無實質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)性(xing)結(jie)構變(bian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。3.13 離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) ion-exchange resin一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)材料。3.14 去離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui) deionized water經(jing)過(guo)(guo)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)處理，除去了(le)呈離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)形(xing)式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雜(za)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)純(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)3.15 再(zai)生(sheng) regeneration離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)操作循環中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)該部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)試(shi)(shi)劑(ji)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)其(qi)恢復(fu)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)能(neng)(neng)力。3.16 復(fu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)床 complex bed將(jiang)(jiang)陽(yang)(yang)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和陰(yin)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)別(bie)裝(zhuang)入(ru)兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)柱(zhu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，將(jiang)(jiang)兩(liang)(liang)柱(zhu)串(chuan)(chuan)聯，使(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)依次通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)柱(zhu)而被純(chun)(chun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。3.17 混(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)床 mixed bed將(jiang)(jiang)陽(yang)(yang)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和陰(yin)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)混(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)均勻(yun)，填充(chong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)同一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)柱(zhu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)純(chun)(chun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)效果(guo)(guo)(guo)相(xiang)當于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)許多(duo)復(fu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)床串(chuan)(chuan)聯使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。3.18 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)滲(shen)(shen)析 electrodialysis一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)滲(shen)(shen)析器(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，陰(yin)陽(yang)(yang)兩(liang)(liang)極之間(jian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)替排列(lie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)陰(yin)、陽(yang)(yang)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)膜(mo)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)割(ge)成(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)系列(lie)小(xiao)室(shi)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)小(xiao)室(shi)時(shi)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)下(xia)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)陽(yang)(yang)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)向陰(yin)極方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)向移動，但不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)陽(yang)(yang)膜(mo)；陰(yin)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)則相(xiang)反。這樣就(jiu)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)相(xiang)間(jian)存(cun)(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濃(nong)、淡水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)室(shi)而達(da)到(dao)提純(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。3.19 逆(ni)向滲(shen)(shen)透(tou)(tou) reverse osmosis用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)半(ban)透(tou)(tou)膜(mo)將(jiang)(jiang)濃(nong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和淡水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)隔開(kai)，并在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)弄水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)上施加(jia)比(bi)滲(shen)(shen)透(tou)(tou)壓(ya)更(geng)強的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)壓(ya)力，則濃(nong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大(da)(da)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)透(tou)(tou)過(guo)(guo)半(ban)透(tou)(tou)膜(mo)而雜(za)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)仍(reng)留在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，達(da)到(dao)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)提純(chun)(chun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。3.20 反滲(shen)(shen)透(tou)(tou)膜(mo) reverse osmosis membrane用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)反滲(shen)(shen)透(tou)(tou)法(fa)(fa)(fa)制(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)純(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)成(cheng)(cheng)薄(bo)膜(mo)，其(qi)孔(kong)徑(jing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)為(wei)(wei)(wei)0.02μm或(huo)更(geng)小(xiao)，可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)除去無機(ji)(ji)(ji)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、有(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)物(wu)、細菌等，使(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)純(chun)(chun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。3.21 微(wei)(wei)(wei)孔(kong)膜(mo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi) membrane filter一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)平(ping)均孔(kong)徑(jing)（直徑(jing)）大(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)0.01μm的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)薄(bo)膜(mo)，能(neng)(neng)把大(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)平(ping)均孔(kong)徑(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微(wei)(wei)(wei)粒(li)(li)(li)截留在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)其(qi)表(biao)面(mian)或(huo)附(fu)近。3.22 超(chao)過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv) ultrafiltration一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)壓(ya)力下(xia)使(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)過(guo)(guo)超(chao)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)膜(mo)以(yi)(yi)除去水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)極細微(wei)(wei)(wei)粒(li)(li)(li)、膠體和細菌等。3.23 終端(duan)(duan) terminal高(gao)純(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)生(sheng)產流(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)經(jing)過(guo)(guo)各(ge)(ge)道凈化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工藝后，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出口或(huo)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)地點。3.24 無菌 sterile不(bu)(bu)含任(ren)何活(huo)有(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)體（不(bu)(bu)論(lun)是活(huo)躍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)或(huo)休眠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)）。3.25 PH水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)氫離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)活(huo)度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)負對(dui)數(shu)或(huo)氫氧(yang)根(gen)(gen)(gen)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)活(huo)度倒數(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)負對(dui)數(shu)。4 分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)類(lei)和標記(ji)(ji)(ji)4.1 分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)類(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)四個(ge)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)別(bie)：Ⅰ級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、Ⅱ級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、Ⅲ級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、Ⅳ級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。4.2 標記(ji)(ji)(ji)Ⅰ級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)標記(ji)(ji)(ji)為(wei)(wei)(wei)：EW-Ⅰ。Ⅱ級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)標記(ji)(ji)(ji)為(wei)(wei)(wei)：EW-Ⅱ。Ⅲ級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)標記(ji)(ji)(ji)為(wei)(wei)(wei)：EW-Ⅲ。Ⅳ級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)標記(ji)(ji)(ji)為(wei)(wei)(wei)：EW-Ⅳ。 5 要求(qiu)(qiu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)指標應(ying)(ying)符合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)表(biao)1規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)。表(biao)1 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)指標項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)技術(shu)指標EW-ⅠEW-ⅡEW-ⅢEW-Ⅳ電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)率(lv)(lv)(lv)（25℃）/MΩ·cm≥18（5%時(shi)間(jian)不(bu)(bu)低于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)17）≥15（5%時(shi)間(jian)不(bu)(bu)低于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)13）≥12≥0.5全(quan)(quan)硅/（μg/L）≤2≤10≤50≤1000微(wei)(wei)(wei)粒(li)(li)(li)數(shu)/（個(ge)/L）0.05μm~0.1μm500---0.1μm~0.2μm300---0.2μm~0.3μm50---0.3μm~0.5μm20---＞0.5μm4---細菌個(ge)數(shu)/（個(ge)/mL）≤0.01≤0.1≤10≤100銅/（μg/L）≤0.2≤1≤2≤500鋅/（μg/L）≤0.2≤1≤5≤500鎳/（μg/L）≤0.1≤1≤2≤500鈉(na)/（μg/L）≤0.5≤2≤5≤1000鉀/（μg/L）≤0.5≤2≤5≤500鐵(tie)/（μg/L）≤0.1---鉛(qian)/（μg/L）≤0.1---氟(fu)/（μg/L）≤1---氯(lv)/（μg/L）≤1≤1≤10≤1000亞(ya)硝(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)根(gen)(gen)(gen)/（μg/L）≤1---溴(xiu)/（μg/L）≤1---硝(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)根(gen)(gen)(gen)/（μg/L）≤1≤1≤5≤500磷(lin)酸(suan)(suan)根(gen)(gen)(gen)/（μg/L）≤1≤1≤5≤5006 試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)6.1 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)率(lv)(lv)(lv)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)率(lv)(lv)(lv)按GB/T 11446.4-013進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)。6.2 全(quan)(quan)硅含量(liang)(liang)(liang)（以(yi)(yi)二(er)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)硅計）電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)全(quan)(quan)硅（以(yi)(yi)二(er)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)硅計）含量(liang)(liang)(liang)按GB/T 11446.6-2013進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)。6.3 微(wei)(wei)(wei)粒(li)(li)(li)數(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)微(wei)(wei)(wei)粒(li)(li)(li)數(shu)按GB/T 11446.9-2013進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)。6.4 細菌總(zong)(zong)(zong)數(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)細菌總(zong)(zong)(zong)數(shu)按GB/T 11446.10-2013進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)。6.5 痕量(liang)(liang)(liang)金(jin)屬(shu)含量(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)痕量(liang)(liang)(liang)金(jin)屬(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)含量(liang)(liang)(liang)按GB/T 11446.5-2013進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)。 6.6 氟(fu)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、氯(lv)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、亞(ya)硝(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)根(gen)(gen)(gen)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、溴(xiu)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、硝(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)根(gen)(gen)(gen)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、磷(lin)酸(suan)(suan)根(gen)(gen)(gen)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、硫酸(suan)(suan)根(gen)(gen)(gen)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)含量(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)氟(fu)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、氯(lv)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、亞(ya)硝(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)根(gen)(gen)(gen)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、溴(xiu)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、硝(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)根(gen)(gen)(gen)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、磷(lin)酸(suan)(suan)根(gen)(gen)(gen)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、硫酸(suan)(suan)根(gen)(gen)(gen)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)含量(liang)(liang)(liang)按GB/T 11446.7-2013進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)。6.7 總(zong)(zong)(zong)有(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)碳(tan)(tan)含量(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)總(zong)(zong)(zong)有(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)碳(tan)(tan)含量(liang)(liang)(liang)按GB/T 11446.8-2013進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)。7 檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)規(gui)(gui)則7.1檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)部(bu)(bu)門電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)均應(ying)(ying)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)有(you)(you)資質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)部(bu)(bu)門進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)。7.2 檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)類(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)收檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)和例(li)行(xing)(xing)(xing)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。7.3交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)收檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)7.3.1 抽(chou)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)率(lv)(lv)(lv)、鈉(na)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、全(quan)(quan)硅（以(yi)(yi)二(er)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)硅計）為(wei)(wei)(wei)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)收檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)。7.3.2 合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)判據在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)終端(duan)(duan)采(cai)樣，檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)后檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)結(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)如有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)項(xiang)(xiang)或(huo)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)項(xiang)(xiang)以(yi)(yi)上不(bu)(bu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)時(shi)，應(ying)(ying)再(zai)次采(cai)樣經(jing)行(xing)(xing)(xing)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，如仍(reng)不(bu)(bu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)，則該批(pi)不(bu)(bu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)，應(ying)(ying)提出改(gai)(gai)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)措(cuo)(cuo)施直到(dao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)。7.4 例(li)行(xing)(xing)(xing)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)（全(quan)(quan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)）7.4.1 檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)表(biao)1規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全(quan)(quan)部(bu)(bu)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)。檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)順序(xu)應(ying)(ying)以(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)影響后序(xu)實驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)結(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)則進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。7.4.2 不(bu)(bu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)判定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)終端(duan)(duan)采(cai)樣后進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)例(li)行(xing)(xing)(xing)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)結(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)如有(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)項(xiang)(xiang)時(shi)，應(ying)(ying)再(zai)次采(cai)樣進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，如仍(reng)有(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)項(xiang)(xiang)時(shi)，應(ying)(ying)提出改(gai)(gai)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)措(cuo)(cuo)施直到(dao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)。7.4.3 檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)頻次例(li)行(xing)(xing)(xing)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)至少(shao)每年進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次，當制(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)條(tiao)件(jian)(jian)發生(sheng)變(bian)更(geng)時(shi)也應(ying)(ying)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)例(li)行(xing)(xing)(xing)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。8 采(cai)樣、貯(zhu)存(cun)(cun)、運輸及(ji)標志(zhi)8.1采(cai)樣、貯(zhu)存(cun)(cun)、運輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)采(cai)樣、貯(zhu)存(cun)(cun)、運輸應(ying)(ying)符合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)GB/T 11446.3-2013的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)。8.2 標志(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)終端(duan)(duan)采(cai)樣進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)時(shi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)后應(ying)(ying)附(fu)有(you)(you)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)證，合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)格(ge)證應(ying)(ying)包(bao)(bao)含如下(xia)內(nei)容：名稱及(ji)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)別(bie)；各(ge)(ge)項(xiang)(xiang)技術(shu)指標；制(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)單(dan)(dan)位；供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)日期(qi)；檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)員(yuan)簽章(zhang)及(ji)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)日期(qi)。

＊低要求 根據(ju)《化(hua)(hua)(hua)妝品(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產企業衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)規范》的(de)(de)要求，化(hua)(hua)(hua)妝品(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產用水的(de)(de)水質(zhi)至少應達到生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)飲用水衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準（GB5749-2006）。這也是工藝用水的(de)(de)＊低要求。 一(yi)般標(biao)(biao)(biao)準 多數化(hua)(hua)(hua)妝品(pin)(pin)企業都(dou)以純化(hua)(hua)(hua)水的(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準來設計(ji)工藝用水系統。純化(hua)(hua)(hua)水通常是以生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)飲用水為水源加以提純，在離子等(deng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)指標(biao)(biao)(biao)上(shang)要優(you)于(yu)飲用水，微生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物限度標(biao)(biao)(biao)準與飲用水的(de)(de)指標(biao)(biao)(biao)一(yi)樣，都(dou)是<100CFU/ml，更適合于(yu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)妝品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產工藝和配方。 行業趨勢 CFDA于(yu)2015年(nian)12月15日發(fa)布(bu)了《國家食品(pin)(pin)藥品(pin)(pin)監督管理總局關于(yu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)妝品(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產許(xu)可有(you)關事項的(de)(de)公告》（2015年(nian) 第265號），自2016年(nian)起化(hua)(hua)(hua)妝品(pin)(pin)行業執行新的(de)(de)《化(hua)(hua)(hua)妝品(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產許(xu)可證》制度。從(cong)發(fa)布(bu)的(de)(de)文件(jian)要求來看，化(hua)(hua)(hua)妝品(pin)(pin)行業生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產許(xu)證獲得條件(jian)大有(you)向GMP方向靠攏的(de)(de)趨勢。